尼·斯特拉霍夫文学批评研究

尼·斯特拉霍夫是对19世纪俄国文学影响深远的思想家、政论家。他对普希金、屠格涅夫、赫尔岑、陀思妥耶夫斯基、托尔斯泰等人的解读很大影响了后世对这些经典作家的评价。他的《关于普希金的札记及其他诗人》《赫尔岑的文学活动》、关于《罪与罚》、关于《战争与和平》的批评四部曲，对普希金创作中的别尔金传统、赫尔岑对西方的绝望以及对俄罗斯的回归、托尔斯泰创作中的俄罗斯人形象等等，都做了新的阐释，大大丰富了我们对19世纪俄国文学经典的认知。而因为我国俄苏文学译介的历史原因，经典作家被推上前台，斯特拉霍夫的文学批评却久被遗忘。本著对斯特拉霍夫的思想再探索，是因为他认识到了19世纪俄国文学批评保守的一面，坚持对虚无主义的反驳，坚持对俄国文化民族特性的开掘，而这对于我们思考文化的交融与爆发中，如何对接民族文化特质，有着极大启发。

朱建刚 ---------------------------- 朱建刚，苏州大学外国语学院教授，博士生导师。莫斯科国立大学语文系访问学者（2012-2013）；俄罗斯科学院高尔基世界文学研究所访问学者（2017-2018），著有《普罗米修斯的“堕落”：俄国文学知识分子形象研究》（人民文学出版社，2006年），国家社科基金成果文库《十九世纪下半期俄国反虚无主义文学研究》（北京大学出版社，2015年）等作品。

导论·······································································································1 第一节　斯特拉霍夫生平···································································2 第二节　国内外研究现状··································································14 第三节　研究的意义及思路······························································46 第一章　文学批评主题之一：斯特拉霍夫与俄国反虚无主义···············49 第一节　作为思想背景的俄国虚无主义··············································49 第二节　斯特拉霍夫的反虚无主义观及其发展····································51 第三节　斯特拉霍夫反虚无主义的来源··············································56 第二章　 文学批评主题之二：斯特拉霍夫论俄国民族文化特性···········61 第一节　《致命的问题》及其影响·····················································61 第二节　民族的还是世界的——与弗拉基米尔·索洛维约夫的争论·······68 第三章　 戏仿与文学传统——斯特拉霍夫论普希金····························85 第一节　斯特拉霍夫的普希金研究·····················································86 第二节　斯特拉霍夫普希金研究的背景··············································92 第三节　斯特拉霍夫普希金研究的根源及影响····································97 第四章　 一位西欧派的没落——斯特拉霍夫论屠格涅夫····················103 第一节　关于《父与子》································································104 第二节　关于《烟》及其他····························································109 第三节　《屠格涅夫的最新作品》及《关于屠格涅夫的追思会》········116 第五章　 另一位西欧派的回归——斯特拉霍夫论赫尔岑····················123 第一节　斯特拉霍夫论赫尔岑·························································124 第二节　赫尔岑与虚无主义者的出路···············································130 第三节　《赫尔岑》的影响····························································134 第六章　 论斯特拉霍夫对陀思妥耶夫斯基的阐释······························141 第一节　关于《罪与罚》的评论······················································143 第二节　真正的虚无主义者与苦难···················································147 第三节　真实与幻想性：关于《白痴》的争论··································155 第四节　病态与狂热：斯特拉霍夫的盖棺论定··································163 第七章　 生命意识与民族根基：斯特拉霍夫对托尔斯泰的阐释··········167 第一节　从相识到相知···································································168 第二节　斯特拉霍夫对托尔斯泰早期作品的评论·······························173 第三节　对《战争与和平》（1863—1869）的阐释····························179 第四节　对《安娜·卡列尼娜》（1873—1877）的意见及阐释············191 第五节　未完成的对话——斯特拉霍夫与托尔斯泰的争论··················202 第八章　斯特拉霍夫事件及其意义··················································219 第一节　陀思妥耶夫斯基与斯特拉霍夫············································221 第二节　第三者：托尔斯泰····························································225 第三节　独白与对话之争································································231 结语： 斯特拉霍夫文学批评的准则、意义及其他······························235 第一节　批评的准则······································································238 第二节　批评的意义······································································243 第三节　批评的局限性···································································247 参考文献······················································································253 斯特拉霍夫生平简历·····································································266 附录： 斯特拉霍夫论托尔斯泰《战争与和平》四部曲译文·················270 后记····························································································380