1 General Introduction
1.1 Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Steelmaking
1.1.1 Metallurgical Function of EAF
1.1.2 Development of EAF Steelmaking
1.2 Injection Methods in EAF Steelmaking
1.2.1 Oxygen Supplying Technology
1.2.2 Oxygen Burner Technology
1.2.3 Sub - supersonic Jet Technology
1.2.4 Bottom - Blowing Technology
1.2.5 Slag Foaming with Carbon Powder Injection
1.3 Technologies of Gas - Solid Injection in Steelmaking Process
1.3.1 Free Gas - Solid Injection Outside of the Molten Bath
1.3.2 Submerged Gas - Solid Injection Within Molten Bath
1.4 New Technology of Submerged Gas - Solid Injection in EAF Steelmaking
1.4.1 Technological Advantages
1.4.2 Key Technical Problems to Be Solved
References
2 Mechanism of EAF Steelmaking with Submerged Mixed Injection
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Efficient Dephosphorization with Submerged O? - CaO Injection
2.2.1 Analysis of Dephosphorization Mechanism
2.2.2 Comparison of Dephosphorization Effect
2.3 Improving Scrap Melting by Carburization with Submerged Carbon Powder Injection
2.3.1 Experimental Installation
2.3.2 Experimental Schemes
2.3.3 Results and Discussion
References
3 Impact Characteristics of Submerged Gas Injection
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Numerical Model and Water Model Experiment
3.2.1 Numerical Model
3.2.2 Water Model Experiment
3.2.3 Model Validation and Error Analysis
3.3 Theoretical Modeling for Submerged Gas Jet
3.3.1 Assumptions
3.3.2 Theoretical Modeling
3.4 Analysis of the Theoretical Model
3.4.1 Analysis of the Theoretical Model
3.4.2 Analysis of the Water Model Experiment
3.4.3 Analysis of the Numerical (CFD) Simulation
3.4.4 Erosion of the Refractory Around the Submerged Injector
3.5 Conclusions
References
4 Impact Characteristics of Coherent Supersonic Jet
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Numerical Modeling and Water Experiment
4.2.1 Numerical Modeling
4.2.2 Water Experiment and CFD Model Validation
4.3 Hybrid Modeling for Jet Impact Characteristics
4.3.1 Assumptions
