高速公路运营的建模与优化

本书主要研究了运用建模优化的方式来提高高速公路性能的方法，具体包括匝道控制、可变限速控制和路肩控制。

匝道控制、可变限速和路肩控制已用于高速公路拥堵管理。本书基于宏观细胞传输模型，结合以上三种控制策略，建立以减小延误为目标的优化模型。该模型利用细胞传输模型中基本图分段线性的特性，将高速公路优化控制问题表述为线性规划问题，并利用IBM公司的 CPLEX求解器进行求解。在英国M25高速公路上对不同控制策略的性能进行了实际应用的测试，控制策略可以很好地改善高速公路的拥堵情况。

李颖,长安大学信息工程学院教师,毕业于伦敦大学学院土木工程系交通工程专业

Chapter 1Introduction111Background and Motivation112Review of Traffic Models3121Microscopic models3122Macroscopic models6123Discussion1213Current Practice of Traffic Control13131Ramp metering14132Variable speed limits19133Hard shoulder running21Chapter 2Modelling of Motorway Traffic2321Introduction2322Cell Transmission Model2423Traffic Data28231Flow28232Occupancy29233Speed30234Density3124Model Calibration32241Step 1:Free flow line34242Step 2:Capacity35243Step 3:Congested line36244Review of procedure41Chapter 3Optimisation of Ramp Metering4431Introduction4432Objective Function4533Ramp Metering Formulation4934Effect of Offramp Position5835Sensitivity Analysis of Balance Parameter η6036Working Example63361Without ramp metering68362With ramp metering70Chapter 4Optimisation of Variable Speed Limits and Hard ShoulderRunning7641Introduction7642Variable Speed Limits77421Changes in fundamental diagram under VSL77422Optimisation of VSL79423The effect of fundamental diagram specifications under VSL9043Hard Shoulder Running94431Changes in fundamental diagram under HSR94432Optimisation of HSR96433Optimisation of integrated control strategy9844Working Example101441Variable speed limits102442Hard shoulder running103443Integrated control strategy106Chapter 5Robust Optimisation of Ramp Metering11051Introduction11052Characteristic of Road Traffic Flow111521Setvalued fundamental diagram111522Demand uncertainty11553Robust Optimisation of Ramp Metering117531Review of robust optimisation117532Likelihood region119533Robust ramp metering formulation12454Working Example127References135