计算机网络实验教程

\"本书是北京大学本科“计算机网络”课程的实验教材，以动手实践为第一导向，培养学生“理论引导实践，实践反哺理论”的专业认知，为后续计算机专业课程的学习和综合专业素质的培养打下坚实基础。本书内容包括经典计算机网络链路层、网络层、传输层、应用层的理论与实践等专业基础知识，以及可编程网络、高性能网络报文处理、用户态网络协议栈、网络测量、移动应用位置服务、移动感知与导航、移动短视频应用等前沿技术。第 1～10章配套富有挑战性的实验代码，使学生能够掌握相关知识，分析问题，动手实践，以适应未来的专业学习；同时激发学生的专业兴趣，引导学生逐步形成发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的思维方式，造就自己，成为合格的计算机专业人才。 本书适合作为高等学校计算机相关专业的 “计算机网络 ”课程的实验教材，也可作为其他专业的学生学习计算机网络基础知识的参考用书。 \"

目录 第 0章预备知识....................................................................................1 0. 1系统环境与代码库.......................................................................1 0. 2说明文档查询工具 man ...............................................................1 第一部分经典计算机网络与网络协议栈 第 1章链路层：Ethernet.....................................................................5 1.1实验目的 ....................................................................................5 1.2实验环境配置 .............................................................................6 1.3 实验内容 ....................................................................................7 Wireshark........................................................................7 1.3.2基于 libpcap的以太网数据包收发 ...................................10 参考文献..........................................................................................12 1.3.1 第 2章网络层：IP..............................................................................13 2.1实验目的 ..................................................................................13 2.2 实验内容 ..................................................................................13 Wireshark......................................................................13 2.2.1 2.2.2路由表 ...........................................................................13 2.2.3路由算法 .......................................................................14 2.2.4 IP转发 .........................................................................18 参考文献..........................................................................................19 第 3章传输层：TCP..........................................................................20 3.1实验目的 ..................................................................................20 3.2 实验内容 ..................................................................................21 Wireshark......................................................................21 3.2.1 3.2.2 TCP状态机 ..................................................................22 3.2.3滑动窗口 .......................................................................26 3. 2.4异常处理：丢包重传与连接重置 ......................................27 3.2.5 Socket接口 ...................................................................29 3.2.6扩展练习：流量控制...........................................................................32 3.2.7扩展练习：拥塞控制...........................................................................33 参考文献..............................................................................................................34 第 4章应用层：SFTP............................................................................................35 4.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................36 4.2实验内容 ......................................................................................................36 4.2.1 SSH传输层 .......................................................................................36 4.2.2 SSH验证层 .......................................................................................40 4.2.3 SSH连接层 .......................................................................................41 4.2.4 SFTP子系统.....................................................................................42 4.2.5客户端程序 ........................................................................................43 参考文献..............................................................................................................44 第二部分高级计算机网络与现代网络技术 第 5章可编程网络：SDN.......................................................................................47 5.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................47 5.2实验环境配置 ...............................................................................................47 5.3实验背景 ......................................................................................................48 5.3.1 SDN介绍 ..........................................................................................48 5.3.2 OpenFlow介绍 ..................................................................................48 5.4实验内容 ......................................................................................................49 5.4.1 MiniNet的基本使用方式 ....................................................................49 5.4.2进阶启动选项.....................................................................................51 5.4.3 MiniNet的命令行界面命令.................................................................54 5.4.4使用 Python接口 ..............................................................................55 参考文献..............................................................................................................55 第 6章可编程网络：P4 ..........................................................................................56 6.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................56 6.2实验环境配置 ...............................................................................................56 6.3实验背景 ......................................................................................................56 6.3.1 P4可编程网络 ...................................................................................56 6.3.2 P4基本语法 ......................................................................................58 6.4实验内容 ......................................................................................................65 6.4.1实现基本转发.....................................................................................65 6.4.2实现控制平面.....................................................................................66 6.4.3实现链路监控.....................................................................................67 参考文献..............................................................................................................68 第 7章高性能网络报文处理：DPDK ......................................................................70 7.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................70 7.2实验环境配置 ...............................................................................................70 7.3实验背景 ......................................................................................................71 7.3.1 DPDK简介.......................................................................................71 EAL..................................................................................................72 7.3.2 7.3.3 常用核心组件.....................................................................................74 7.4实验内容 ......................................................................................................76 7.4.1 路由规则 ...........................................................................................78 7.4.2 主循环...............................................................................................79 第 8章用户态网络协议栈：OmniStack...................................................................82 8.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................82 8.2实验背景 ......................................................................................................82 8.2.1 用户态协议栈简介 ..............................................................................82 8.2.2 OmniStack简介.................................................................................82 8.3实验内容 ......................................................................................................87 8.3.1 实现简单的 UDP协议栈 ....................................................................87 8.3.2 实现基于字符串匹配的 IDS.................................................................90 8.3.3 实现 RTP协议 ..................................................................................91 第 9章网络测量：OmniSketch ..............................................................................93 9.1实验目的 ......................................................................................................93 9.2实验内容 ......................................................................................................93 9.2.1 网络测量简介.....................................................................................93 9.2.2 Sketch简介 .......................................................................................95 9.2.3 编程框架 ...........................................................................................95 9.2.4实现并测试 Elastic Sketch ................................................................ 100 参考文献............................................................................................................ 102 第 10章移动应用位置服务 .................................................................................... 103 10.1 实验目的 .................................................................................................. 103 10.2 实验环境配置............................................................................................ 104 10.3 实验内容 .................................................................................................. 104 10.3.1信号滤波与定位算法 ..................................................................... 104 10.3.2定位结果展示 ............................................................................... 106 参考文献............................................................................................................ 107 第 11章移动感知与导航........................................................................................ 108 11.1实验目的 .................................................................................................. 108 11.2实验环境配置............................................................................................ 108 11.3实验内容 .................................................................................................. 109 11.3.1基于二维码的地图构建 .................................................................. 109 11.3.2基于二维码的自动导航 .................................................................. 110 参考文献............................................................................................................ 111 第 12章移动短视频应用........................................................................................ 112 12.1实验目的 .................................................................................................. 112 12.2实验内容 .................................................................................................. 113 12.2.1移动短视频生成 ............................................................................ 113 12.2.2移动短视频发布 ............................................................................ 113 12.2.3移动短视频传播数据分析............................................................... 114 参考文献............................................................................................................ 115 参考答案 .................................................................................................................. 116