机械工程专业英语（第4版）

本书按照“内容新，知识面广，难度适中，反映最新科研成果”的原则编写而成，内容包括工程材料、铸造、锻造与模具、常规机械加工工艺、特种加工工艺、高速切削加工、公差与配合、定位与夹具、齿轮传动、直接传动技术、数控技术、数控加工中心、自动控制技术、CAD/CAM、传感器、机器人、增材制造、新能源、现代制造技术的发展、信息技术与制造业、制造与工程师的作用等。附录给出了科技论文英文摘要写作要点、麻省理工学院简介、机床说明书翻译样本及校园常用词汇等内容。

CONTENTS Unit 1 Engineering Materials (Ⅰ) 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Ferrous Metals and Alloys 2 1.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 4 Notes 7 Glossary 9 Unit 2 Engineering Materials (Ⅱ) 10 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Ceramics 10 2.3 Polymers 12 2.4 Composite Materials 14 2.5 Metamaterials 15 Notes 16 Glossary 17 Unit 3 Casting 20 3.1 Introduction 20 3.2 Sand Casting 20 3.3 Investment Casting 21 3.4 Expendable-pattern Casting 22 3.5 Centrifugal Casting 23 3.6 Inspection of Casting 24 Notes 24 Glossary 25 Unit 4 Forging and Die 27 4.1 Introduction 27 4.2 Open-die Forging 27 4.3 Impression-die and Closed-die Forging 28 4.4 Precision Forging 29 4.5 Die Manufacturing Methods 30 Notes 31 Glossary 32 Unit 5 Conventional Machining Processes 33 5.1 Introduction 33 5.2 Turning and Lathe 33 5.3 Milling and Milling Machine 36 5.4 Drilling and Drill Press 39 Notes 41 Glossary 42 Unit 6 Nontraditional Machining Processes 45 6.1 Introduction 45 6.2 Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) 46 6.3 Chemical Machining (CM) 46 6.4 Electrochemical Machining (ECM) 48 6.5 Laser Beam Machining (LBM) 49 6.6 Ultrasonic Machining (USM) 50 Notes 51 Glossary 53 Unit 7 High Speed Cutting (HSC) 57 7.1 Definition 57 7.2 Introduction to High Speed Cutting 57 7.3 High Speed Cutting Techniques 59 7.4 HSC Machines 59 Notes 60 Glossary 61 Unit 8 Tolerances and Fits 63 8.1 Introduction 63 8.2 Tolerances 64 8.3 Fits 65 8.4 ISO System of Limits and Fits 66 Notes 68 Glossary 69 Unit 9 Location and Fixtures 72 9.1 Introduction 72 9.2 Advantages of Jigs and Fixtures 72 9.3 Location of Workpiece 73 9.4 Clamping of Workpiece 75 9.5 Classes of Fixtures 76 Notes 78 Glossary 79 Unit 10 Gear Transmission 82 10.1 Introduction 82 10.2 Spur Gears 82 10.3 Helical Gears 85 10.4 Bevel Gears 86 10.5 Worm Gearing 86 10.6 Gear Geometry 87 Notes 90 Glossary 90 Unit 11 Direct Drive Technology 92 11.1 Introduction 92 11.2 Direct-drive Linear (DDL) Motion 92 11.3 Direct-drive Rotary (DDR) Motors Streamline Machine Design 94 11.4 Motorized Spindle 96 Notes 97 Glossary 99 Unit 12 Numerical Control 101 12.1 Introduction 101 12.2 NC and CNC 101 12.3 Construction of CNC Machines 102 12.4 DNC (Distributed Numerical Control) System 104 Notes 107 Glossary 108 Unit 13 CNC Machining Centers 109 13.1 Introduction 109 13.2 The Concept of Machining Centers 110 13.3 Types of Machining Centers 110 13.4 Components of a Machining Center 112 13.5 Characteristics and Capabilities of Machining Centers 115 Notes 115 Glossary 116 Unit 14 Automatic Control 119 14.1 Introduction 119 14.2 Open-loop Control and Closed-loop Control 119 14.3 Applications of Automatic Control 120 14.4 Artificial Intelligence in Mechatronics 122 Notes 124 Glossary 126 Unit 15 CAD/CAM 129 15.1 Introduction 129 15.2 Geometric Modeling 129 15.3 CAD/CAM 131 15.4 Computer-aided Process Planning 134 Notes 134 Glossary 136 Unit 16 Transducers 137 16.1 Introduction 137 16.2 Transducer Elements 137 16.3 Analog and Digital Transducers 137 16.4 Use of Sensors in Programmable Automation 139 16.5 Some Terms 140 Notes 141 Glossary 143 Unit 17 Robots 145 17.1 Introduction 145 17.2 Definition of Robot 145 17.3 Components of a Robot System 146 17.4 Industrial Robots 147 17.5 Medical Robots 148 17.6 Underwater Robots 149 17.7 Walking Robots 149 17.8 Humanoid Robots 150 17.9 Intelligent Robots 151 Notes 153 Glossary 155 Unit 18 Additive Manufacturing 157 18.1 Introduction 157 18.2 AM Processes and Materials 158 18.3 Applications of Additive Manufacturing 161 18.4 Conclusions 163 Notes 164 Glossary 165 Unit 19 New Energy 168 19.1 Introduction 168 19.2 Classification of Energy Resources 168 19.3 New Energy 168 19.4 Solar Energy 169 19.5 Nuclear Energy 169 19.6 Ocean Energy 170 19.7 Wind Energy 170 19.8 Biomass Energy (Aka Bioenergy) 171 19.9 Geothermal Energy 171 19.10 Hydrogen Energy 171 19.11 Development Direction of New Energy Vehicles 172 Notes 174 Glossary 175 Unit 20 Development of Modern Manufacturing 178 20.1 Introduction 178 20.2 Mechanization 179 20.3 Programmable Automation 179 20.4 Computer-aided Manufacturing 180 20.5 Flexibility 180 20.6 Remanufacturing 181 Notes 183 Glossary 184 Unit 21 IT and Manufacturing 186 21.1 Introduction 186 21.2 Computer-integrated Manufacturing 186 21.3 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System 188 21.4 Computer-aided System (CAx) 189 Notes 190 Glossary 192 Unit 22 Manufacturing and Roles of Engineers 193 22.1 Manufacturing 193 22.2 Roles of Engineers 195 Notes 196 Glossary 198 附录A 科技论文英文摘要写作要点 200 A.1 论文标题 200 A.2 摘要写作注意事项 200 A.3 典型常用语句实例 204 A.4 汉译英范文（参考） 205 附录B 麻省理工学院简介 207 B.1 原文 207 B.2 参考译文 211 附录C 机床说明书翻译样本 215 附录D 校园常用词汇 219 附录E 部分参考译文 223 第2单元 工程材料(Ⅱ) 223 第3单元 铸造 227 第4单元 锻造与模具 229 第6单元 特种加工工艺 232 第20单元 现代制造技术的发展 235 第21单元 信息技术与制造业 239 参考文献 242