锐捷认证互联网专家RCIE＆RS实验指南

本书是锐捷认证互联网专家（RCIE）的配套教材，由锐捷金牌讲师、国家教学名师、锐捷RCIE认证讲师等共同完成，全面融入RCIE＆RS认证最新标准，通过40个实战型案例，详实讲解了RCIE核心知识与应用，实现了书证融通，有助于读者快捷通过RCIE＆RS认证。本书适合具备一定网络基础的读者提升路由与交换技能。无论是准备参加RCIE-RS认证的考生，还是希望提升数通技能的网络工程师，都能从本书中获得帮助。

目 录 第 1 章 BGP 路由协议 ·····················································································.1 1.1 BGP 路径属性 ······················································································.1 1.1.1 Origin 属性··················································································.1 ? 原理 ·······················································································.1 ? 任务拓扑 ·················································································.1 ? 实施步骤 ·················································································.1 ? 任务验证 ·················································································.4 ? 问题与思考 ··············································································.5 1.1.2 AS-Path 属性 ···············································································.5 ? 原理 ·······················································································.5 ? 任务拓扑 ·················································································.5 ? 实施步骤 ·················································································.5 ? 任务验证 ·················································································.7 ? 问题与思考 ··············································································.8 1.1.3 Next-Hop 属性 ·············································································.8 ? 原理 ·······················································································.8 ? 任务拓扑 ·················································································.9 ? 实施步骤 ·················································································.9 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.11 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.13 1.1.4 Local Preference 属性···································································.13 ? 原理 ·····················································································.13 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.14 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.14 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.16 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.17 1.1.5 MED 属性·················································································.17 ? 原理 ·····················································································.17 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.17 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.17 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.19 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.21 1.1.6 Community 属性 ···································································21 ? 原理 ·····················································································.21 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.22 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.22 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.24 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.26 1.2 BGP 选路原则 ····················································································.26 1.2.1 选路原则 1―优选 Weight 值大····················································.26 ? 原理 ·····················································································.26 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.26 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.26 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.29 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.30 1.2.2 选路原则 2―优选 Local Preference 值大········································.31 ? 原理 ·····················································································.31 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.31 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.31 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.36 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.42 1.2.3 选路原则 3―优选 AS-Path 长度短 ···············································.42 ? 原理 ·····················································································.42 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.42 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.42 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.47 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.51 1.2.4 选路原则 4―Origin 优选 i＞e＞?····················································.51 ? 原理 ·····················································································.51 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.52 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.52 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.54 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.55 1.2.5 选路原则 5―优选 MED 值小······················································.55 ? 原理 ·····················································································.55 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.56 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.56 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.60 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.62 1.2.6 选路原则 6―优选 EBGP 路由·····················································.63 ? 原理 ·····················································································.63 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.63 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.63 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.66 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.67 1.2.7 选路原则 7―优选最近的 IGP 邻居通告 ········································.67 ? 原理 ·····················································································.67 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.68 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.68 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.71 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.73 1.2.8 选路原则 8―等价负载······························································.73 ? 原理 ·····················································································.73 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.73 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.73 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.76 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.78 1.2.9 选路原则 9―优选 Router ID 值小 ················································.78 ? 原理 ·····················································································.78 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.79 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.79 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.81 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.82 1.2.10 选路原则 10―优选 Cluster List 短 ··············································.83 ? 原理 ·····················································································.83 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.83 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.83 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.86 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.88 1.2.11 选路原则 11―优选邻居 IP 地址小··············································.88 ? 原理 ·····················································································.88 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.88 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.88 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.90 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.92 1.3 BGP 高级特性 ····················································································.92 1.3.1 BGP 反射器···············································································.92 ? 原理 ·····················································································.92 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.93 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.93 ? 任务验证 ···············································································.96 ? 问题与思考 ············································································.98 1.3.2 BGP 联盟··················································································.98 ? 原理 ·····················································································.98 ? 任务拓扑 ···············································································.99 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································.99 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.103 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.105 1.3.3 BGP 汇总·················································································.105 ? 原理 ····················································································.105 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.106 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.106 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.109 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.112 第 2 章 IS-IS 路由协议··················································································.113 2.1 IS-IS 协议配置···················································································.113 2.1.1 IS-IS 基础配置 ··········································································.113 ? 原理 ····················································································.113 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.114 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.114 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.116 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.117 2.1.2 IS-IS 路由渗透配置 ····································································.117 ? 原理 ····················································································.117 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.118 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.118 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.123 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.126 2.2 IS-IS 特性·························································································.127 2.2.1 IS-IS 协议认证配置 ·····································································127 ? 原理 ····················································································.127 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.127 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.127 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.130 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.130 2.2.2 IS-IS 协议汇总配置 ·····································································130 ? 原理 ····················································································.130 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.131 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.131 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.133 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.136 第 3 章 MPLS VPN 协议 ···············································································.137 3.1 MPLS 协议 ·······················································································.137 3.1.1 静态 MPLS 协议配置···································································137 ? 原理 ····················································································.137 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.138 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.138 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.141 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.144 3.1.2 动态 MPLS LDP 协议配置 ····························································144 ? 原理 ····················································································.144 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.145 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.145 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.148 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.151 3.2 MPLS VPN 协议·················································································.151 3.2.1 单域 VPN 实例配置·····································································151 ? 原理 ····················································································.151 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.153 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.154 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.159 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.165 3.2.2 MPLS VPN-Hub Spoke 配置 ··························································165 ? 原理 ····················································································.165 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.165 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.165 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.170 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.176 3.3 跨域 MPLS VPN·················································································.176 3.3.1 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionA ·····························································176 ? 原理 ····················································································.176 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.176 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.177 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.182 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.191 3.3.2 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionB ·····························································191 ? 原理 ····················································································.191 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.192 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.192 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.196 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.205 3.3.3 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionC（1）······················································205 ? 原理 ····················································································.205 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.206 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.206 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.210 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.224 3.3.4 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionC（2）······················································224 ? 原理 ····················································································.224 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.224 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.224 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.229 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.239 第 4 章 GRE Over IPSec VPN 协议···································································241 4.1 GRE 隧道 ·························································································.241 ? 原理 ····················································································.241 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.241 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.242 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.243 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.245 4.2 GRE Over IPSec VPN 隧道 ·····································································245 ? 原理 ····················································································.245 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.247 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.247 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.249 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.252 第 5 章 IPv6 协议·························································································.253 5.1 IPv6 路由协议····················································································.253 5.1.1 IPv6 静态路由协议······································································253 ? 原理 ····················································································.253 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.253 ? 实施步骤 ···············································································254 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.256 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.259 5.1.2 OSPFv3 路由协议 ······································································.260 ? 原理 ····················································································.260 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.260 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.260 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.262 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.265 5.1.3 BGP4+路由协议 ········································································.265 ? 原理 ····················································································.265 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.265 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.265 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.268 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.270 5.2 IPv6 过渡技术····················································································.270 5.2.1 IPv6 手工隧道（GRE）································································270 ? 原理 ····················································································.270 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.271 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.271 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.273 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.275 5.2.2 IPv6 自动隧道（6to4） ································································275 ? 原理 ····················································································.275 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.276 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.276 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.278 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.280 5.2.3 IPv6 自动隧道（ISATAP）····························································280 ? 原理 ····················································································.280 ? 任务拓扑 ··············································································.281 ? 实施步骤 ··············································································.281 ? 任务验证 ··············································································.284 ? 问题与思考 ···········································································.287