互联网+供应链金融

供应链产生于社会化大生产所需求的专业化分工，就其本质而言，是为了解决商品生产与消费过程中时间与空间不一致。然而越来越复杂的产品和越来越长的生产周期，使供应链体系内存在的大量物资成为企业发展的沉重负担。 供应链金融的出现，使企业流通过程中的物资有可能转化为可动用的资金，给企业的运营带来了一线曙光，但是供应链体系内大量存在的信息不对称却将这种服务在广大中小型企业面前竖立了一堵玻璃墙。 互联网的出现改变了这个世界，也在改变供应链金融存在的根基，层出不穷的新技术手段正在使这个世界变得越来越小，也越来越透明，尤其是互联网思维，正在深刻的改变着人们的思考和行为模式。本书从供应链金融在中国发展的现状说起，重点分析互联网可能给供应链体系带来什么样的变化从而引发整个价值链的重组，希望能为各方提供一种新的视角，推动相关企业和行业的发展。

任浩，在物流企业从事管理工作已有十余年。在长期一线工作的过程中，积累了大量的实践经验，主要工作和研究领域包括物流信息化、精益化管理和供应链金融。
在物流信息化建设方面，自2003年起，主持过就职企业内外的多套业务系统的建设，涉及的行业包括图书、服装、食品饮料等，见证了信息化水平逐步提高对企业发展不断推进，并很终形成核心竞争优势的过程。
在精益化管理方面，主持了单体超过10万平米的大型物流中心的建设。从软硬件的搭配到人员结构的优化，从运营模式的设计到投资回报的实现，十余年的管理经验和潜心研究在项目实施上开花结果。
在供应链金融方面，主要研究方向是如何利用金融手段构建更加合理畅通的消费品流通过程，消除产品生命周期中的资金断层，用金融的力量助推企业的发展。

章 从物流到供应链 ··············································································· 1 1.1 物流·经济·文化 ·································································· 2 1.2 中国物流业现状 ······································································ 6 1.3 从供应链到价值链 ·································································· 8 1.3.1 供应链产生的基础 ························································ 9 1.3.2 供应链管理 ································································· 11 1.3.3 价值链和物流生态 ······················································ 20 1.4 供应链模式的局限和发展 ····················································· 21 1.4.1 信息不对称 ································································· 22 1.4.2 牛鞭效应 ····································································· 27 1.4.3 基于“互联网+”的供应链 ········································ 37 第2 章 从商品融资到贸易融资 ·································································· 41 2.1 商品融资 ··············································································· 42 2.1.1 商品融资发展过程 ······················································ 43 2.1.2 商品融资模式的局限 ·················································· 46 2.2 贸易融资 ··············································································· 47 2.2.1 主要形式 ····································································· 49 2.2.2 国内发展状况 ····························································· 52 2.3 不平衡的市场 ········································································ 53 2.3.1 中小企业融资困境 ······················································ 53 2.3.2 政策导向 ····································································· 58 2.3.3 新机遇来自互联网 ······················································ 64 第3 章 市场在召唤 ····················································································· 75 3.1 供应链金融的定义 ································································ 76 3.1.1 主要模式 ····································································· 80 3.1.2 各交易方的需求 ·························································· 84 3.2 供应链金融发展现状及趋势 ················································· 87 3.2.1 国外供应链金融发展特点 ·········································· 88 3.2.2 国内供应链金融发展现状 ·········································· 94 3.3 资料 ····················································································· 101 3.3.1 差额回购协议 ··························································· 101 3.3.2 商品融资合同 ··························································· 107 3.3.3 应收账款质押合同 ····················································· 119 第4 章 挑战和机遇 ··················································································· 125 4.1 从单据流到数据流 ······························································ 126 4.1.1 商品的生命周期 ························································ 127 4.1.2 风险分布 ··································································· 129 4.1.3 软监管和硬监管 ························································ 136 4.2 前提和规则 ·········································································· 141 4.2.1 物流作业信息化 ························································ 143 4.2.2 数据传递 ··································································· 147 4.2.3 标准化作业 ······························································· 150 4.2.4 需要关注的技术 ························································ 157 4.3 资料 ····················································································· 163 4.3.1 WMS 功能清单 ························································· 163 4.3.2 常用作业标准 ··························································· 171 第5 章 观念和角色的改变 ········································································ 177 5.1 原则 ····················································································· 178 5.1.1 合作+博弈 ································································· 179 5.1.2 利益分配 ··································································· 183 5.1.3 风险控制 ··································································· 189 5.2 基本场景 ············································································· 196 5.2.1 上游为下游提供支持 ················································ 198 5.2.2 下游为上游提供支持 ················································ 214 5.3 供应链上的六类企业 ·························································· 221 5.4 五种周边企业 ······································································ 230 5.5 资料 ····················································································· 245 5.5.1 监管合同节选（适用于动产质押） ························· 245 5.5.2 保理合同节选 ··························································· 254 5.5.3 监管责任保险节选 ···················································· 272