Section Ⅰ General Statement
Xishan Wang and Xu Guan
1Overview of NOSES
Xishan Wang
2Perioperative Preparation of NOSES
Xishan Wang,Yinggang Chen,Lei Yu,and Rui Huang
3Laparoscopic Abdominal Pelvic Anatomical Landmarks and Essentials of Surgical Exploration
Haipeng Chen,Xu Guan,Yong Li,Qingfeng Zheng,and Xishan Wang
Section Ⅱ NOSES for Colorectal Cancer
Xishan Wang and Petr V.Tsarkov
4Laparoscopic Lower Rectal Cancer Resection with Transanal Specimen Extraction (CRC-NOSES I A,I B,and I B+,Eversion Method)
Xishan Wang,Enrui Liu,and Haipeng Chen
5Laparoscopic Ultralow Rectal Cancer Resection with Transanal Specimen Extraction:Park Method (CRC-NOSES I C)
Xishan Wang,Yinghu Jin,and Zheng Jiang
6Laparoscopic Ultralow Rectal Cancer Resection with Transanal Specimen Extraction:Intersphincteric Resection Method(CRC-NOSES I D)
Xishan Wang,Meng Wang,and Zheng Jiang
……