C语言程序设计实验教程

本教材共分两个部分，第一部分主要介绍C语言程序设计实验的基本目的与要求，以及计算机程序设计的基本过程；第二部分包含14个实验，主要训练学生基本编程技能； 每个实验由实验目的、预备知识、实例解析、实验内容四部分组成，其中："实验目的”对学生提出本次实验的预期目标；"预备知识”帮助学生总结本次实验所需的理论知识；"实例解析”通过精心选择的例题向学生讲解如何应用相关知识解决具体问题，以更好地帮助学生进行实验准备工作；"实验内容”除了提供传统的编程题目供学生练习外，还提供程序分析题、程序改错题、程序测试题、程序填空题等多种类型的题目，让学生进行全方位的编程实践，从而帮助学生更好地理解程序设计的方法。 本书可以作为各类高等院校C语言程序设计课程的实验教材，也可以作为广大编程爱好者学习C语言程序设计的参考书。

马杨珲，女，主持或参与科研项目多项，其中。作为主要人员参与"VB程序设计”院优秀课程和浙江省高校"国家精品课程”建设工作，参与"C语言程序设计”、"大学生基本技能”"Python基础”院重点建设课程建设。

第一部分 C 语言程序设计实验概述 第1 章 C 语言程序设计实验的目的与要求 ·························································.2 1.1 C 语言程序设计实验的目的 ····························································.2 1.2 C 语言程序设计实验的要求 ····························································.3 第2 章 C 语言程序设计的基本过程 ··································································.4 2.1 问题的描述与分析 ········································································.4 2.2 算法的设计与表示 ········································································.4 2.3 程序的编写与测试 ········································································.5 2.4 计算思维的培养与训练 ··································································.6 第二部分 C 语言程序设计实验 实验1 运行一个简单的C 语言程序 ··································································.8 一、实验目的 ·····················································································.8 二、预备知识 ·····················································································.8 三、实例解析 ·····················································································.9 四、实验内容 ···················································································.13 实验2 顺序结构程序设计 ·············································································.15 一、实验目的 ···················································································.15 二、预备知识 ···················································································.15 三、实例解析 ···················································································.17 四、实验内容 ···················································································.19 实验3 选择结构程序设计 ·············································································.23 一、实验目的 ···················································································.23 二、预备知识 ···················································································.23 三、实例解析 ···················································································.25 四、实验内容 ···················································································.29 实验4 循环结构程序设计 ·············································································.32 一、实验目的 ···················································································.32 二、预备知识 ···················································································.32 三、实例解析 ···················································································.34 四、实验内容 ···················································································.39 实验5 一维数组及应用 ················································································.42 一、实验目的 ···················································································.42 二、预备知识 ···················································································.42 三、实例解析 ···················································································.45 四、实验内容 ···················································································.53 实验6 二维数组及应用 ················································································.58 一、实验目的 ···················································································.58 二、预备知识 ···················································································.58 三、实例解析 ···················································································.59 四、实验内容 ···················································································.65 实验7 字符串应用 ······················································································.69 一、实验目的 ···················································································.69 二、预备知识 ···················································································.69 三、实例解析 ···················································································.70 四、实验内容 ···················································································.74 实验8 指针应用 ·························································································.78 一、实验目的 ···················································································.78 二、预备知识 ···················································································.78 三、实例解析 ···················································································.81 四、实验内容 ···················································································.84 实验9 函数应用 ·························································································.88 一、实验目的 ···················································································.88 二、预备知识 ···················································································.88 三、实例解析 ···················································································.90 四、实验内容 ···················································································.98 实验10 结构体 ··························································································.104 一、实验目的 ··················································································.104 二、预备知识 ··················································································.104 三、实例解析 ··················································································.106 四、实验内容 ··················································································.113 实验11 链表操作 ·······················································································.119 一、实验目的 ··················································································.119 二、预备知识 ··················································································.119 三、实例解析 ··················································································.121 四、实验内容 ··················································································.128 实验12 文件及应用 ····················································································.133 一、实验目的 ··················································································.133 二、预备知识 ··················································································.133 三、实例解析 ··················································································.137 四、实验内容 ··················································································.144 实验13 简单C++程序设计 ··········································································.147 一、实验目的 ··················································································.147 二、预备知识 ··················································································.147 三、实例解析 ··················································································.149 四、实验内容 ··················································································.154 实验14 综合应用 ·······················································································.156 一、实验目的 ··················································································.156 二、预备知识 ··················································································.156 三、实例解析 ··················································································.157 四、实验内容 ··················································································.170 附 录 附录A ASCII 码字符集 ···············································································.174 附录B C 语言中的关键字 ············································································.175 附录C 运算符优先级与结合性 ······································································.176 附录D 常用库函数 ·····················································································.177 附录E Dev-C++环境下的程序调试方法 ··························································.181