语用学导论

本书假简洁英文，借生动实例，阐释艰深语用学议题，以期满足初学者学习需求，培养其人文悟性，提升其言语交际能力。全书由引言、指称语、预设、会话含义、言语行为、（不）礼貌、研究方法等七章正文和两个附录组成。每章包含核心概念导入、经典及前沿理论概述、理论嬗变阐释、个案剖析及章节要点回顾等要件。本书缘起本科生考试改革，从学生期末课程作业起步，由教授与两位优秀本科生合作完成，堪称以考促学、科教融合的成功案例。

本书假简洁英文，借生动实例，阐释艰深语用学议题，以期满足初学者学习需求，培养其人文悟性，提升其言语交际能力。全书由引言、指称语、预设、会话含义、言语行为、（不）礼貌、研究方法等七章正文和两个附录组成。每章包含核心概念导入、经典及前沿理论概述、理论嬗变阐释、个案剖析及章节要点回顾等要件。本书缘起本科生考试改革，从学生期末课程作业起步，由教授与两位优秀本科生合作完成，堪称以考促学、科教融合的成功案例。

向明友,对外经济贸易大学教授、博士生导师，教育部新世纪优秀人才，兼任国家社科基金、教育部人文社科基金评审专家，国家留学基金委评审专家，中国语言教育研究会副会长，中国外语教学研究会ESP专业委员会常务理事，中国语用学研究会理事。

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Definitions of pragmatics
1.2 Meaning and context
1.3 Development of pragmatics
1.4 Organization of the book
1.5 Review
Chapter 2 Deixis
2.1 Preliminaries
2.2 Deictic and nondeictic uses
2.3 Types of deixis
2.3.1 Person deixis
2.3.2 Time deixis
2.3.3 Place deixis
2.3.4 Social deixis
2.3.5 Discourse deixis
2.4 Applications: Chinese vocatives as pragmatic markers
2.4.1 Introduction
2.4.2 Vocatives and coherence
2.4.3 Vocatives and involvement
2.4.4 Vocatives and (im)politeness
2.5 Review
Chapter 3 Presupposition
3.1 Entailment
3.1.1 Preliminaries
3.1.2 Types of entailment
3.2 Presupposition
3.2.1 Preliminaries
3.2.2 Types of presupposition
3.2.3 Properties of presupposition
3.2.4 Presupposition trigger
3.3 A comparison between entailment and presupposition
3.4 Applications: Entailment and presupposition in real life
3.4.1 English writing
3.4.2 Interpersonal communication
3.5 Review
Chapter 4 Implicature
4.1 Preliminaries
4.1.1 Natural and non-natural meaning
4.1.2 Implicature and implication
4.2 Types of implicature
4.2.1 Conversational and conventional implicatures
4.2.2 Generalized and particularized conversational implicatures
4.2.3 Scalar, alternate, and clausal implicatures
4.3 Classical Gricean Theory
4.3.1 Cooperative principle
4.3.2 Creation of conversational implicature
4.3.3 Criticisms of Gricean theory
4.4 NeoGricean and PostGricean Theories
4.4.1 Levinson’s Q, I, and MPrinciples
4.4.2 Horn’s Q and RPrinciples
4.4.3 Sperber & Wilson’s Principle of Relevance
4.4.4 Retrospections
4.5 Properties of conversational implicature
4.6 Applications: Exploiting the four Maxims in Friends
4.6.1 Exploiting the Maxim of Quantity
4.6.2 Exploiting the Maxim of Quality
4.6.3 Exploiting the Maxim of Relation
4.6.4 Exploiting the Maxim of Manner
4.7 Review
Chapter 5 Speech Acts
5.1 Preliminaries
5.1.1 Performativeconstative dichotomy
5.1.2 The performative hypothesis
5.2 Austin’s theorizing of speech acts
5.2.1 Felicity conditions on performatives
5.2.2 Locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts
5.2.3 Types of illocutionary force
5.3 Searle’s theorizing of speech acts
5.3.1 Felicity conditions on speech acts
5.3.2 Typology of speech acts
5.3.3 Direct and indirect speech acts
5.4 Recent developments in Speech Act Theory
5.4.1 Study of perlocution
5.4.2 Classifications of speech acts
5.4.3 Sequencing in speech acts
5.5 Speech acts across cultures and contexts
5.5.1 Crosscultural variations
5.5.2 Intralanguage variations
5.6 Applications: Persuasion in Chinese online forum requests
5.6.1 Introduction
5.6.2 Ethos: Projecting self to the requestees
5.6.3 Pathos: Awakening the emotion of the requestees
5.6.4 Logos: Reasoning with the requestees
5.7 Review
Chapter 6 Politeness and Impoliteness
6.1 Theorizing politeness
6.1.1 Characterizing politeness
6.1.2 Politeness as strategic face management
6.1.3 Politeness as a conversational maxim
6.1.4 Politeness as situated evaluation
6.2 Theorizing impoliteness
6.2.1 Types of impoliteness
6.2.2 Impoliteness as strategic face attacks
6.2.3 Impoliteness as conversational maxims
6.2.4 Impoliteness as a discursive practice
6.3 Some potential issues in (im)politeness research
6.4 Applications: Politeness in online forum requests
6.4.1 Introduction
6.4.2 Bald on record strategies
6.4.3 Positive politeness strategies
6.4.4 Negative politeness strategies
6.5 Review
Chapter 7 Research Methods
7.1 Literature mining
7.1.1 Four