TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议(英文版)

1. 网络专家W. Richard Stevens的传世之作。 2. TCP/IP领域的经典。 3. 任何TCP/IP领域技术人员不可或缺的案头书。 《TCP/IP详解》是已故网络专家、技术作家W. Richard Stevens的传世之作，内容详尽，被誉为TCP/IP领域的不朽名著。 本书是《TCP/IP详解》三卷本的**卷，主要讲述TCP/IP协议，并结合大量实例讲述TCP/IP协议族的定义原因，以及在各种不同操作系统中的应用及工作方式。本书的显著特点是，不仅仅描述协议及其功能，而且用一种流行的诊断工具动态地监视协议，通过观察协议在不同环境下的运行情况，读者可以轻松掌握TCP/IP的知识。本书中的每一个示例都是在实际网络中运行过的，而且几乎每章都提供精选的习题，并在附录中提供了部分习题的答案。 《TCP/IP详解》对于网络应用的开发人员、网络管理员以及任何想了解TCP/IP协议运行原理的人员来说，都是极好的参考书。无论是初学者还是功底深厚的网络领域高手，这套书都应是案头大作。

W. Richard Stevens 国际知名的UNIX和网络专家，备受赞誉的技术作家。他1951年2月5日出生于赞比亚，后随父母回到美国。中学时就读于弗吉尼亚菲什伯恩军事学校，1973年获得密歇根大学航空和航天工程学士学位。1975年到1982年，他在亚利桑那州图森市的基特峰国家天文台从事计算机编程工作，业余时间喜爱飞行运动，做过兼职飞行教练。这期间他分别在1978年和1982年获得亚利桑那大学系统工程硕士和博士学位。此后他去康涅狄格州纽黑文的健康系统国际公司任主管计算机服务的副总裁。1990年他回到图森，从事专业技术写作和咨询工作。他写下了多种经典的传世之作，包括《TCP/IP详解》（三卷）、《UNIX环境**编程》和《UNIX网络编程》（两卷）。Stevens于1999年9月1日去世，年仅48岁。2000年他被国际机构USENIX追授“终身成就奖”。

Chapter1.Introduction/概述1
1.1Introduction/概述1
1.2Layering/分层1
1.3TCP/IP Layering/TCP/IP的分层6
1.4Internet Addresses/互联网的地址7
1.5The Domain Name System/域名系统9
1.6Encapsulation/封装9
1.7Demultiplexing/分用11
1.8Client-Server Model/客户-服务器模型12
1.9Port Numbers/端口号12
1.10Standardization Process/标准化过程14
1.11RFCs14
1.12Standard, Simple Services/标准的简单服务15
1.13The Internet/互联网16
1.14Implementations/实现16
1.15Application Programming Interfaces/应用编程接口17
1.16Test Network/测试网络18
1.17Summary/小结19

Chapter2.Link Layer/链路层21
2.1Introduction/概述21
2.2Ethernet and IEEE 802 Encapsulation/以太网和IEEE 802封装21
2.3Trailer Encapsulation/尾部封装23
2.4SLIP: Serial Line IP/SLIP：串行线路IP24
2.5Compressed SLIP/压缩的SLIP25
2.6PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol/PPP：点对点协议26
2.7Loopback Interface/环回接口28
2.8MTU/优选传输单元MTU29
2.9Path MTU/路径MTU30
2.10Serial Line Throughput Calculations/串行线路吞吐量计算30
2.11Summary/小结31

Chapter3.IP: Internet Protocol/IP：网际协议33
3.1Introduction/概述33
3.2IP Header/IP首部34
3.3IP Routing/IP路由选择37
3.4Subnet Addressing/子网寻址42
3.5Subnet Mask/子网掩码43
3.6Special Case IP Addresses/特殊情况的IP地址45
3.7A Subnet Example/子网示例46
3.8ifconfig Command/ifconfig命令47
3.9netstat Command/netstat命令49
3.10IP Futures/IP的未来49
3.11Summary/小结50

Chapter4.ARP: Address Resolution Protocol/ARP：地址解析协议53
4.1Introduction/概述53
4.2An Example/示例54
4.3ARP Cache/ARP高速缓存56
4.4ARP Packet Format/ARP的分组格式56
4.5ARP Examples/ARP示例57
4.6Proxy ARP/代理ARP60
4.7Gratuitous ARP/免费ARP62
4.8arp Command/arp命令63
4.9Summary/小结63

Chapter5.RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol/RARP：逆地址解析协议65
5.1Introduction/概述65
5.2RARP Packet Format/RARP的分组格式65
5.3RARP Examples/RARP示例66
5.4RARP Server Design/RARP服务器的设计67
5.5Summary/小结68

Chapter6.ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol/ICMP：Internet控制报文协议69
6.1Introduction/概述69
6.2ICMP Message Types/ICMP报文的类型70
6.3ICMP Address Mask Request and Reply/ICMP地址掩码请求与应答72
6.4ICMP Timestamp Request and Reply/ICMP时间戳请求与应答74
6.5ICMP Port Unreachable Error/ICMP端口不可达差错77
6.64.4BSD Processing of ICMP Messages/ICMP报文的4.4BSD处理81
6.7Summary/小结83

Chapter7.Ping Program/Ping程序85
7.1Introduction/概述85
7.2Ping Program/Ping程序85
7.3IP Record Route Option/IP记录路由选项91
7.4IP Timestamp Option/IP时间戳选项95
7.5Summary/小结96

Chapter8.Traceroute Program/Traceroute程序97
8.1Introduction/概述97
8.2Traceroute Program Operation/Traceroute 程序的操作97
8.3LAN Output/局域网输出99
8.4WAN Output/广域网输出102
8.5IP Source Routing Option/IP源站选路选项104
8.6Summary/小结109

Chapter9.IP Routing/IP选路111
9.1Introduction/概述111
9.2Routing Principles/选路的原理112
9.3ICMP Host and Network Unreachable Errors/ICMP主机与网络不可达差错117
9.4To Forward or Not to Forward/转发或不转发119
9.5ICMP Redirect Errors/ICMP重定向差错119
9.6ICMP Router Discovery Messages ICMP路由器发现报文 /123
9.7Summary/小结125

Chapter10.Dynamic Routing Protocols/动态选路协议127
10.1Introduction/概述127
10.2Dynamic Routing/动态选路127
10.3Unix Routing Daemons/Unix选路守护程序128
10.4RIP: Routing Information Protocol/RIP：选路信息协议129
10.5RIP Version 2/RIP版本2136
10.6OSPF: Open Shortest Path First/OSPF：开放最短路径优先137
10.7BGP: Border Gateway Protocol/BGP：边界网关协议138
10.8CIDR: Classless Interdomain Routing/CIDR：无类型域间选路140
10.9Summary/小结141

Chapter11.UDP: User Datagram Protocol/UDP：用户数据报协议143
11.1Introduction/概述143
11.2UDP Header/UDP首部144
11.3UDP Checksum/UDP检验和144
11.4A Simple Example/简单示例147
11.5IP Fragmentation/IP分段148
11.6ICMP Unreachable Error (Fragmentation Required)/ICMP不可达差错（需要分片）151
11.7Determining the Path MTU Using Traceroute/用Traceroute确定路径MTU153
11.8Path MTU Discovery with UDP/采用UDP的路径MTU发现155
11.9Interaction Between UDP and ARP/UDP和ARP之间的交互作用157
11.10Maximum UDP Datagram Size/优选UDP数据报长度159
11.11ICMP Source Quench Error/ICMP源站抑制差错160
11.12UDP Server Design/UDP服务器的设计162
11.13Summary/小结167

Chapter12.Broadcasting and Multicasting/播和多播169
12.1Introduction/概述169
12.2Broadcasting/广播171
12.3Broadcasting Examples/广播示例172
12.4Multicasting/多播175
12.5Summary/小结178

Chapter13.IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol/IGMP：Internet组管理协议179
13.1Introduction/概述179
13.2IGMP Message/IGMP报文180
13.3IGMP Protocol/IGMP协议180
13.4An Example/示例183
13.5Summary/小结186

Chapter14.DNS: The Domain Name System/DNS：域名系统187
14.1Introduction/概述187
14.2DNS Basics/DNS基础188
14.3DNS Message Format/DNS的报文格式191
14.4A Simple Example/简单示例194
14.5Pointer Queries/指针查询198
14.6Resource Records/资源记录201
14.7Caching/高速缓存203
14.8UDP or TCP/用UDP还是用TCP206
14.9Another Example/另一个示例206
14.10Summary/小结208

Chapter15.TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol/TFTP：简单文件传送协议209
15.1Introduction/概述209
15.2Protocol/协议209
15.3An Example/示例211
15.4Securit/安全性213
15.5Summary/小结213

Chapter16.BOOTP: Bootstrap Protocol/BOOTP：引导程序协议215
16.1Introduction/概述215
16.2BOOTP Packet Format/BOOTP的分组格式215
16.3An Example/示例218
16.4BOOTP Server Design/BOOTP服务器的设计219
16.5BOOTP Through a Router/BOOTP穿越路由器220
16.6Vendor-Specific Information/特定厂商信息221
16.7Summary/小结222

Chapter17.TCP: Transmission Control Protocol/TCP：传输控制协议223
17.1Introduction/概述223
17.2TCP Services/TCP服务223
17.3TCP Header/TCP首部225
17.4Summary/小结227

Chapter18.TCP Connection Establishment and Termination/TCP连接的建立与终止229
18.1Introduction/概述229
18.2Connection Establishment and Termination/连接的建立与终止229
18.3Timeout of Connection Establishment/连接建立的超时235
18.4Maximum Segment Size/优选报文段长度236
18.5TCP Half-Close/TCP的半关闭238
18.6TCP State Transition Diagram/TCP的状态转换图240
18.7Reset Segments/复位报文段246
18.8Simultaneous Open/同时打开250
18.9Simultaneous Close/同时关闭252
18.10TCP Options/TCP选项253
18.11TCP Server Design/TCP服务器的设计254
18.12Summary/小结260

Chapter19.TCP Interactive Data Flow/TCP的交互数据流263
19.1Introduction/概述263
19.2Interactive Input/交互式输入263
19.3Delayed Acknowledgments/经受时延的确认265
19.4Nagle Algorithm/Nagle算法267
19.5Window Size Advertisements/窗口大小通告274
19.6Summary/小结274

Chapter20.TCP Bulk Data Flow/TCP的成块数据流275
20.1Introduction/概述275
20.2Normal Data Flow/正常数据流275
20.3Sliding Windows/滑动窗口280
20.4Window Size/窗口大小282
20.5PUSH Flag/PUSH标志284
20.6Slow Start/慢启动285
20.7Bulk Data Throughput/成块数据的吞吐量286
20.8Urgent Mode/紧急方式292
20.9Summary/小结296

Chapter21.TCP Timeout and Retransmission/TCP的超时与重传297
21.1Introduction/概述297
21.2Simple Timeout and Retransmission Example/超时与重传的简单示例298
21.3Round-Trip Time Measurement/往返时间测量299
21.4An RTT Example/RTT示例301
21.5Congestion Example/拥塞示例306
21.6Congestion Avoidance Algorithm/拥塞避免算法310
21.7Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery Algorithms/快速重传与快速恢复算法312
21.8Congestion Example (Continued)/拥塞示例（续）313
21.9Per-Route Metrics/按每条路由进行度量316
21.10ICMP Errors/ICMP的差错317
21.11Repacketization/重新分组320
21.12Summary/小结321

Chapter22.TOP Persist Timer/TCP的坚持定时器323
22.1Introduction/概述323
22.2An Example/示例323
22.3Silly Window Syndrome/糊涂窗口综合症325
22.4Summary/小结330

Chapter23.TOP Keepalive Timer/TCP的保活定时器331
23.1Introduction/概述 /331
23.2Description/描述332
23.3Keepalive Examples/保活示例333
23.4Summary/小结337

Chapter24.TCP Futures and Performance/TCP的未来和性能339
24.1Introduction/概述339
24.2Path MTU Discovery/路径MTU发现340
24.3Long Fat Pipes/长肥管道344
24.4Window Scale Option/窗口扩大选项347
24.5Timestamp Option/时间戳选项349
24.6PAWS: Protection Against Wrapped Sequence Numbers/PAWS：防止回绕的序号351
24.7T/TCP: A TCP Extension for Transactions/T/TCP：为事务用的TCP扩展351
24.8TCP Performance/TCP的性能354
24.9Summary/小结356

Chapter25.SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol/SNMP：简单网络管理协议359
25.1Introduction/概述359
25.2Protocol/协议360
25.3Structure of Management Information/管理信息结构363
25.4Object Identifiers/对象标识符364
25.5Introduction to the Management Information Base/管理信息库介绍365
25.6Instance Identification/实例标识367
25.7Simple Examples/一些简单示例370
25.8Management Information Base (Continued)/管理信息库（续）372
25.9Additional Examples/其他示例382
25.10Traps385
25.11ASN.1 and BER/ASN.1和BER386
25.12SNMP Version 2/SNMP版本2387
25.13Summary/小结388

Chapter26.Telnet and Rlogin: Remote Login/Telnet和Rlogin：远程登录389
26.1Introduction/概述389
26.2Rlogin Protocol/Rlogin协议391
26.3Rlogin Examples/Rlogin示例396
26.4Telnet Protocol/Telnet协议401
26.5Telnet Examples/Telnet示例406
26.6Summary/小结417

Chapter27.FTP: File Transfer Protocol/FTP：文件传送协议419
27.1Introduction/概述419
27.2FTP Protocol/FTP协议419
27.3FTP Examples/FTP示例426
27.4Summary/小结439

Chapter28.SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol/SMTP：简单邮件传送协议441
28.1Introduction/概述441
28.2SMTP Protocol/SMTP协议442
28.3SMTP Examples/SMTP示例448
28.4SMTP Futures/SMTP的未来452
28.5Summary/小结459

Chapter29.NFS: Network File System/网络文件系统461
29.1Introduction/概述461
29.2Sun Remote Procedure Call/Sun远程过程调用461
29.3XDR: External Data Representation/XDR：外部数据表示465
29.4Port Mapper/端口映射器465
29.5NFS Protocol/NFS协议467
29.6NFS Examples/NFS示例474
29.7NFS Version 3/NFS版本3479
29.8Summary/小结480

Chapter30.Other TCP/IP Applications/其他TCP/IP应用程序481
30.1Introduction/概述481
30.2Finger Protocol/Finger协议481
30.3Whois Protocol/Whois协议483
30.4Archie, WAIS, Gopher, Veronica, and WWW/Archie、WAIS、Gopher、Veronica和WWW484
30.5X Window System/X窗口系统486
30.6.Summary/小结490

AppendixA.The tcpdump Program/tcpdump程序491
A.1BSD Packet Filter/BSD分组过滤器491
A.2SunOS Network Interface Tap/SunOS NIT493
A.3SVR4 Data Link Provider Interface/SVR4 DLPI494
A.4tcpdump Output/tcpdump输出495
A.5Security Considerations/安全注意事项496
A.6Socket Debug Option/套接字调试选项496

AppendixB.Computer Clocks/计算机时钟499

AppendixC, The sock Program/sock程序503

AppendixD.Solutions to Selected Exercises/部分习题的解答507

AppendixE Configurable Options/配置选项525
E.1BSD/386 Version 1.0526
E.2SunOS 4.1.3527
E.3System V Release 4529
E.4Solaris 2.2529
E.5AIX 3.2.2536
E.64.4BSD537

AppendixF.Source Code Availability/可用源代码539
Bibliography/参考文献543