海上风电接入电网建模与故障穿越技术

海上风能以其资源丰富、发电利用小时数相对较高、靠近负荷中心、不占用土地和适宜大规模开发等特点，成为近年来世界各国争相开发的新型能源。在此背景下编写了本书，对海上风电接入电网技术进行研究。
本书共分为8章，分别为概述、双馈风电机组建模与特性分析、永磁半直驱风电机组建模与特性分析、风电场的等值模型及特性分析、柔性直流输电在海上风电并网中的应用、柔性直流并网系统建模及特性分析、含高比例海上风电局部电网暂态建模仿真、海上风电并网对电网稳定性的影响。

目 录
前言
第1 章 概述 ·················································································· 1
1.1 全球海上风电发展概述 ··························································1
1.2 中国海上风电发展概述 ··························································3
1.3 海上风电技术发展特点 ··························································4
1.4 海上风电场并网导则 ·····························································6
第2 章 双馈风电机组建模与特性分析 ··············································· 20
2.1 风力涡轮机模块 ································································· 20
2.2 发电机侧变流器控制模块 ····················································· 22
2.3 网侧变流器控制模块 ··························································· 25
2.4 风速模块 ·········································································· 28
2.5 传动系统模块 ···································································· 28
2.6 Crowbar 保护电路 ······························································· 29
2.7 超级电容模块 ···································································· 29
2.8 高低电压穿越模块 ······························································ 31
2.9 高低电压穿越控制策略 ························································ 33
2.10 整机模型及验证 ································································ 35
第3 章 永磁半直驱风电机组建模与特性分析 ······································ 43
3.1 永磁同步发电机模块 ··························································· 43
3.2 机侧变流器控制模块 ··························································· 44
3.3 网侧变流器控制模块 ··························································· 45
3.4 PWM 调制模块 ·································································· 48
3.5 负序控制模块 ····································································· 49
3.6 虚拟阻尼模块 ····································································· 51
3.7 高低电压穿越模块 ······························································· 52
3.8 Chopper 保护模块 ································································ 55
3.9 高低电压穿越控制策略 ························································· 56
3.10 整机模型及验证 ································································ 58
第4 章 风电场的等值模型及特性分析 ··············································· 83
4.1 风电场等值目标及思路 ························································· 83
4.2 基于风速因子的风电场分群方法 ············································· 87
4.3 风电场等值参数计算方法 ······················································ 90
4.4 等值模型仿真验证 ······························································· 95
第5 章 柔性直流输电在海上风电并网中的应用 ································· 102
5.1 柔性直流输电概述 ····························································· 102
5.2 海上风电柔性直流并网特点 ················································· 105
5.3 柔性直流输电基本工作原理 ················································· 106
5.4 柔性直流输电并网对风电场的要求 ········································ 119
第6 章 柔性直流并网系统建模及特性分析 ······································· 123
6.1 柔性直流输电系统及其控制 ················································· 123
6.2 关键控制模块及建模 ·························································· 124
6.3 并网柔直故障穿越及其控制策略 ··········································· 132
6.4 并网柔直系统与海上风电场协调控制 ····································· 140
6.5 交直流并网模式仿真对比及特性分析 ····································· 143
第7 章 含高比例海上风电局部电网暂态建模仿真 ······························ 148
7.1 局部电网构建 ··································································· 148
7.2 海上风电场稳态特性仿真 ···················································· 159
7.3 海上风电高、低电压穿越特性仿真 ········································ 170
7.4 海上风电频率特性仿真 ······················································· 182
7.5 柔直并网海上风电协调控制特性仿真 ···································· 185
7.6 谐波仿真及治理 ······························································· 191
7.7 工频过电压仿真分析 ························································· 202
第8 章 海上风电并网对电网稳定性的影响 ······································· 223
8.1 大规模海上风电脱网风险及对系统安全稳定的影响 ·················· 223
8.2 海上风电场对电能质量的影响 ············································· 234
8.3 海上风电场工频过电压问题及对系统的影响 ··························· 242
8.4 海上风电并网对电网规划发展的影响 ···································· 253