导读 iii Acknowledgements xvii Series Editors’ note xviii Notes on contributors xxi Section 1 Language assessment and mixed methods research：Fundamental considerations and symbiosis 1 1 The confluence of language assessment and mixed methods 2 2 Managing language assessment systems and mixed methods 18 Section 2 Conducting mixed methods research：Key elements，steps and considerations 35 3 What is mixed methods research? 36 4 Mixed methods designs 54 5 Drawing mixed methods procedural diagrams 92 6 Writing and publishing mixed methods studies in second language learning and assessment：Ten essential elements 130 Section 3 Mixed methods research in language assessment: Case studies 167 7 Enhancing test validation through rigorous mixed methods components 168 8 A community-based participatory approach to test development：The International Legal English Certificate 196 9 Rating scale development：A multistage exploratory sequential design 231 11 Investigating the impact of international assessment：A convergent parallel mixed methods approach 301 Section 4 From ideas to action 332 12 Ideas to action：A framework for the design and implementation of a mixed methods study 333 References 364
