Introduction
I.A Brief Introduction to Joyce Carol Oates
II.Literature Review
III.Theoretical Framework
IV.Research Object and Main Content
Chapter One Tragic Vision of Joyce Carol Oates
I.Oates's Experience and Observation
II.Influence of Western Literary Tradition
III.Tragic Ethos of the Modern Age
Chapter Two Modernity in Oates's Tragic Novels
I.Freedom vs.Necessity
II.Love vs.Alienation
III.Justice vs.Violence
Chapter Three Cultural Roots of the Modern Tragedy in Oates's Novels
I.Classism
II.Sexism
III.Racism
IV.Consumerism
Chapter Four Transcendence in Oates's Tragic Novels
I.Transcendence through Violence
II.Transcendence through Love
Conclusion
Works Cited
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
