List of Contributors
Preface
1.Natural Bone Tissue and Its Biomimetic Zhi-Ye Qiu, Yun Cui and Xiu-Mei Wang
1.1 Natural Bone Composition and Hierarchical Structure
1.1.1 Bone Composition
1.1.2 Bone Structure
1.2 Natural Bone Formation Patterns and Bone Repair
1.2.1 Bone Generation Model
1.2.2 Fracture Healing and Bone Remodeling
1.3 Bone Defect Repair Materials
1.3.1 Bone Tissue Engineering
1.3.2 Bone Defect Repair Materials
References
2.Preparation and Characterization of Biomimetic Mineralized Collagen Yun Cui, Helen Cui and Xiu-Mei Wang
2.1 The Basic Principles of Biomineralization
2.1.1 Biological Mineralization Interface Control
2.1.2 Natural Bone Formation and Mineralization
2.2 Bionic Mineralization Research
2.2.1 Hierarchical Structure
2.2.2 Prebuilt
2.2.3 Highly Ordered Self-assembly
2.3 Multilevel Process
2.3.1 Ball
2.3.2 Construction Phase
2.4 Mineralized Collagen Nanofibers Multilevel Self-assembly and its Application in the Regeneration of Bone Engineering
2.4.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy
2.4.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy
2.4.3 Crystal Structure
2.5 High-Strength Mineralized Collagen Artificial Bone
2.5.1 General Observation and Density Measurements
2.5.2 High-Strength Mineralized Collagen of Phase
2.5.3 High-Strength Mineralized Collagen Molecular Structure
2.5.4 The Microstructure of High-Strength Mineralized Collagen
2.5.5 Mechanical Properties
2.5.6 In Vitro Biocompatibility
2.5.7 In Vivo Biocompatibility and Stability Evaluations
2.6 Common Market Mineralized Collagen Material
References
3.Biomimetic Mineralized Collagen Biocompatibility Zi-Rui Wang, Yun Cui and Zhi-Ye Qiu
3.1 Cell Response to the Material
3.1.1 Cell Adhesion
3.1.2 Cell Migration
3.1.3 Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
3.1.4 Cell Aggregation
3.1.5 Cell Function
3.2 Biomineralized Collagen Cell Experiments
3.2.1 The Effect of Mineralized Collagen Material and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on the Cel Phenotype
3.2.2 Genetic Toxicity of Mineralized Collagen and its Effect on Cultured Cells In Vitro
3.3 The Experimental Evaluation of the Osteoclasts of Mineralized Collagen
3.3.1 Osteogenic Differentiation Gene Expression Profiling of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Hydroxyapatite and Mineralized Collagen
3.3.2 Effects of Mineralized Collagen on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells Induced by Platelet-Rich Plasma
3.3.3 The Observed Difference of RAW264.7 Macrophage Phenotype on Mineralized Collagen and Hydroxyapatite
3.4 Biological Evaluation
References
4.Assessing the Effect of Mineralized Collagen Based Materials by Animal Experimentation Wei Ai, Yan-Li Hu, Zhi-Min He, Tian-Xi Song and Zi-Rui Wang
4.1 Segmental Bone Defects Repair in Rabbit Radius Model
4.1.1 Objective
4.1.2 Experimental Method
4.1.3 Experiment Result
4.1.4 Discussion
4.1.5 Conclusion
4.2 Bone Void Filling on Femoral Condyle Defect Model in New Zealand White Rabbit
4.2.1 Objective
4.2.2 Study Method
4.2.3 Results and Discussions
4.2.4 Discussion
4.2.5 Conclusions
4.3 Lumbar Intertransverse Process Spinal Fusion in Rabbits Objective
4.3.2 Study Design
4.3.3 Result
4.3.4 Discussion
4.3.5 Conclusion
4.4 Posterolateral Spinal Fusion in Rabbit Model
4.4.1 Objective
4.4.2 Study Design
4.4.3 Results
4.4.4 Conclusions
4.5 The Bone Repairing Capability of Calvarial Defects in Rats
4.5.1 Experiment Purpose
4.5.2 Testing Method
4.5.3 Experimental Results
4.5.4 Discussion
4.5.5 Conclusion
4.6 Cranial Bone Regeneration in Developing Sheep
4.6.1 Experiment Purpose
4.6.2 Testing Method
4.6.3 Experimental Results
4.6.4 Discussion
4.6.5 Conclusion
4.7 Repair of Bone Defect by Using Mineralized Collagen Dental Bone Powder and Guiding Tissue Regeneration Membrane in Mini Pig Models
4.7.1 Experiment Purpose
4.7.2 Testing Method
4.7.3 Experimental Results
4.7.4 Discussion
4.7.5 Conclusion
4.8 Test in Canine Extraction Site Preservations by Using Mineralized Collagen Plug With or Without Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane for Dog Tooth
4.8.1 Experiment Purpose
4.8.2 Testing Method
4.8.3 Experimental Results
4.8.4 Discussion
4.8.5 Conclusion
4.9 Small Pig Experimental Study of Mineralized Collagen Membrane Induced Osteogenesis in Early Stage
4.9.1 Experimental Objective
4.9.2 Experimental Method
4.9.3 Result
4.9.4 Discussion
4.9.5 Conclusion
4.10 Experimental Study on the Application of Mineralized Collagen in the Repair of Jaw Defect
4.10.1 Purpose
4.10.2 Experimental Method
4.10.3 Result
4.10.4 Discussion
4.10.5 Results
4.11 Tissue Reaction of Mineralized Collagen Implanted Into Rabbit Femur Bone Marrow Cavity
4.11.1 Experimental Purpose
4.11.2 Experimental Methods
4.11.3 Results
4.11.4 Discussion
4.11.5 Conclusion
References
5.Clinical Applications of the Mineralized Collagen Tian-Xi Song, Yan-Li Hu, Zhi-Min He, Yun Cui, Qi Ding and Zhi-Ye Qiu
5.1 Clinical Applications of the Mineralized Collagen in Intervertebral Fusion
5.1.1 Typical Case 1:Cervical Intervertebral Fusion
5.1.2 Typical Case 2:Atlanto-Axial Intertransverse Fusion
5.1.3 Typical Case 3:Lumbar Interbody Fusion
5.1.4 Typical Case 4:Lumbar Interbody Fusion
5.1.5 Typical Case 5:Lumbar Interbody Fusion
5.1.6 Typical Case 6:Lumbar Interbody Fusion
5.1.7 Typical Case 7:Lumbar Interbody Fusion
5.2 Clinical Applications of the Mineralized Collagen in Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.1 Typical Case 1:Lumbar Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.2 Typical Case 2:Thoracic Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.3 Typical Case 3:Lumbar Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.4 Typical Case 4:Lumbar Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.5 Typical Case 5:Lumbar Intertransverse Fusion
5.2.6 Typical Case 6:Lumbar Intertransverse Fusion
5.3 Clinical Applications of the Mineralized Collagen in the Treatment of Bone Defect Induced by Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture
5.3.1 Typical Case 1
5.3.2 Typical Case 2
5.4 Clinical Applications of the Mineralized Collagen in the Treatment of Bone Defects Induced by Bone Fracture at the Extremities
5.4.1 Typical Case 1:Comminuted Fracture at Right Distal Radius
5.4.2 Typical Case 2:Comminuted Fracture at Right Olecroanon
5.4.3 Typical Case 3:Osteoporotic Proximal Humeral Fractures
5.4.4 Typical Case 4:Middle Femoral Shaft Comminuted Fracture
5.4.5 Typical Case 5:Middle Femoral Shaft Comminuted Fracture
5.4.6 Typical Case 6:Fracture of Tibial Plateau
5.4.7 Typical Case 7:Fracture of Tibial Plateau
5.4.8 Typical Case 8:Fibula Comminuted Fracture
5.4.9 Typical Case 9:Nonunion of Limb Bones
5.4.10 Typical Case 10:Fracture of Tibia and Fibula
5.4.11 Typical Case 11:Intraarticular Calcaneal Fractures
5.4.12 Typical Case 12:Lateral Malleolus Fracture
5.4.13 Typical Case 13:Hallux Valgus
5.4.14 Typical Case 14:Flat Foot
5.5 The Use of Mineralized Collagen Graft for Bone Defects in Revision Arthroplasty
5.5.1 Typical Case 1:The Repair of Fractured Acetabular After 4 Years of THA
5.5.2 Typical 2:Acetabulum and Femoral Prosthesis Loosen After THA
5.6 The Mineralized Collagen Used for the Treatment of Adult Early Necrosis of Femoral Head
5.6.1 Typical Case 1
5.6.2 Typical Case 2
5.6.3 Typical Case 3
5.6.4 Typical Case 4
5.7 Application of Mineralized Collagen in the Removal of Bone Grafting in Benign Bone Tumors
5.7.1 Typical Case 1
5.7.2 Case 2:Tibial Plateau Cyst
5.7.3 Case 3:Bone Cyst of the Middle Part of the Humerus
5.7.4 Case 4:Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone
5.7.5 Case 5:Distal Femur Cyst
5.8 Vertebral Compression Fractures by Using Mineralized Collagen Modified Bone Cement
5.8.1 Case 1
5.8.2 Case 2
5.8.3 Case 3
5.8.4 Case 4
5.8.5 Mineralized Collagen Modified Polymethylmethacrylate Bone Cement was Compared With Traditional Polymethylmethacrylate Bone Cement for 1 Year
5.9 The Application of Mineral Collagen Bone Grafting Materials in Site Preservation
5.9.1 Case 1:MC Powder for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation
5.9.2 Case 2:MC Powder for Extraction Site Preservation
5.9.3 Case 3:MC Plug for Extraction Sites Preservation
5.10 The Application of Mineralized Collagen Bone Powder and GTR Membrane in Bone Graft After Curettage of Apical Cyst
5.11 The Application of Mineralized Collagen in Bone Graft After Curettage of Chronic Periapical Periodontitis
5.12 Regenerative Repair of Cranium Bone Defect With Mineralized Collagen
5.12.1 Case 1
5.12.2 Case 2
5.12.3 Case 3
5.12.4 Case 4
5.12.5 Case 5
References
Index
