Preface List of Abbreviations Chapter One Introduction Chapter Two Theoretical and Empirical Background 2.1 Definition of Key Terms 2.1.1 Bilinguals 2.1.2 Mental Lexicon 2.1.3 Lexical Representation 2.1.4 Lexical Processing 2.1.5 Lexical Automatic Activation 2.1.6 Priming 2.2 Theories on Mental Lexicon 2.3 Theoretical Models of Bilingual Lexical Processing 2.3.1 Bilingual Interactive Activation Model 2.3.2 Semantic, Orthographic and Phonological Interactive Activation Model 2.3.3 BIA+ Model 2.3.4 Weinrich's Model 2.3.5 Concept Mediation Model and Word Association Model 2.3.6 Revised Hierarchical Model 2.3.7 Distributed Concept Feature Model 2.3.8 Shared Asymmetrical Model 2.3.9 Modified Hierarchical Model 2.3.10 Three-Stage Model 2.3.11 Sense Model 2.3.12 Language Mode Hypothesis 2.3.13 Inhibitory Control Model 2.3.14 Summary of the Theoretical Models 2.4 The Empirical Studies on Bilingual Activation 2.4.1 Lexical Decision Task 2.4.2 Semantic Relatedness Judgment 2.4.3 Translation 2.4.4 Picture-Word Interference Task 2.4.5 Other Tasks 2.4.6 Limitations of the Previous Empirical Studies 2.4.6.1 Studies at the Sub-Lexical Level 2.4.6.2 Types of Bilinguals Investigated 2.4.6.3 Research Technique 2.4.6.4 Stimuli 2.4.6.5 Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) 2.5 Summary Chapter Three Methodology 3.1 Research Questions 3.2 Overview of the Experiment Rationale and Design 3.2.1 Rationale 3.2.2 Design 3.3 Methods in Experiment 1 3.3.1 Participants 3.3.2 Experiment Design and Materials 3.3.3 Experiment Procedures 3.3.4 Data Recording and Analyses 3.3.4.1 Behavioral Data 3.3.4.2 Electrophysiological Data 3.4 Methods in Experiment 2 3.4.1 Participants 3.4.2 Experiment Design and Materials 3.4.3 Experiment Procedures 3.4.4 Data Recording and Analyses 3.4.4.1 Behavioral Data 3.4.4.2 Electrophysiological Data 3.5 Summary Chapter Four Results and Discussion 4.1 Results 4.1.1 Behavioral Data 4.1.2 Electrophysiological Data 4.1.2.1 Visual Inspection 4.1.2.2 Midline Statistical Analyses 4.1.2.3 Lateral Statistical Analyses 4.2 Discussion 4.2.1 The Locus of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation During L2 English Processing 4.2.1.1 The Locus of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation in Deep Processing 4.2.1.2 The Locus of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation in Shallow Processing 4.2.1.3 Summary of the Discussion on Locus 4.2.2 The Time Course of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation During L2 English Processing 4.2.2.1 The Time Course of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation in Deep Processing 4.2.2.2 The Time Course of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation in Shallow Processing 4.2.2.3 Summary of the Discussion on Time Course 4.3 Summary Chapter Five General Discussion 5.1 Predictions of Two Theoretical Models 5.1.1 Predictions of the BIA+ Model 5.1.2 Predictions of the RHM 5.2 Extended Hierarchical Model 5.3 The Cognitive Mechanism of L1 Chinese Automatic Activation During L2 English Processing as Is Predicted in the EHM 5.4 Summary Chapter Six Conclusion 6.1 Maior Findings 6.2 Implications 6.3 Limitations and Recommendations Bibliography Appendices Appendix A: Language Learning Background Questionnaire Appendix B: Experimental Stimuli Materials
