ERP应用与实践项目化教程

本书以金蝶 K/3 V13.1版为平台，以制造企业实际生产和管理业务为情景，将 ERP包含的优选管理思想与企业的业务流程结合起来，让学生将理论知识真正应用于实践之中，以培养学生分析和解决问题的能力，以及实践应用能力，突出了职业能力的培养，较好地实现了 ERP理论与实践的一体化，具有较强的职业教育特色。教材重点讲述了 ERP总体流程体验、账套管理、基础资料设置、生产数据管理、销售管理、物料需求计划、采购管理、生产管理、车间管理等内容。本书可作为高职高专、应用型本科院校、成人高校等信息管理类、工商管理类、企业管理类、计算机类专业的教材，也可作为实施 ERP系统企业技术人员和管理人员的培训教材和自学参考书。

   应玉龙，男，副高职称，长期致力于ERP教学，就职于浙江纺织服装职业技术学院。担任ERP应用与实践项目化教程一书的主编。

目录 第1章初识ERP ··························································································· -1 - 1.1 企业管理的困惑 ················································································· -1 - 1.2 ERP发展历程 ···················································································· -2 - 1.2.1 订货点法·················································································· -2 - 1.2.2 基本 MRP ················································································ -4 - 1.2.3 闭环 MRP ················································································ -5 - 1.2.4 制造资源计划 MRP II··································································-6 - 1.2.5 企业资源计划 ERP ····································································· -8 - 1.3 ERP管理思想 ·················································································· -10 - 1.3.1 ERP的管理思想 ······································································ -10 - 1.3.2 ERP与优选生产管理理念 ·························································· -13 - 1.3.3 ERP与业务流程重组 ································································ -15 - 1.4 ERP系统主要功能模块 ······································································ -18 - 1.4.1 财务管理················································································ -19 - 1.4.2 生产管理与控制······································································· -19 - 1.4.3 供应链管理············································································· -20 - 1.5 ERP软件市场概况 ············································································ -21 - 1.5.1 ERP软件市场现状 ··································································· -21 - 1.5.2 常见 ERP产品介绍··································································· -22 - 1.5.3 ERP应用现状 ········································································· -24 - 1.5.4 ERP未来发展趋势 ··································································· -26 - 复习思考题 ···························································································· -27 - 第 2章ERP总体流程体验 ············································································ -28 - 2.1 金蝶 ERP系统简介 ··········································································· -28 - 2.1.1 金蝶 ERP系统功能··································································· -28 - 2.1.2 金蝶 ERP数据流程··································································· -30 - 2.2 虚拟企业基本资料 ············································································ -32 - 2.2.1 基础数据················································································ -32 - 2.2.2 产品 BOM ·············································································· -35 - 2.3 引入账套 ························································································ -35 - 2.4 销售订单管理 ·················································································· -39 - 2.5 MRP物料需求计划 ··········································································· -43 - 2.6 采购与外购入库 ··············································································· -50 - 2.7 生产任务管理 ·················································································· -55 - 2.8 销售出库 ························································································ -60 - 复习思考题 ···························································································· -63 - 第 3章模拟企业实例资料 ············································································· -64 - 3.1 公司概况 ························································································ -64 - 3.2 基础资料 ························································································ -65 - 3.3 初始数据 ························································································ -68 - 第 4章账套管理 ························································································· -71 - 4.1 账套管理操作 ·················································································· -71 - 4.1.1 新建账套················································································ -71 - 4.1.2 属性设置和启用账套································································· -73 - 4.1.3 账套备份················································································ -75 - 4.1.4 账套恢复················································································ -77 - 4.2 用户管理 ························································································ -78 - 复习思考题 ···························································································· -82 - 第 5章基础资料设置 ··················································································· -83 - 5.1 币别······························································································· -83 - 5.2 科目设置 ························································································ -84 - 5.3 凭证字···························································································· -91 - 5.4 计量单位 ························································································ -92 - 5.5 核算项目管理 ·················································································· -94 - 5.5.1 部门······················································································ -94 - 5.5.2 职员······················································································ -96 - 5.5.3 客户······················································································ -98 - 5.5.4 供应商·················································································· -100 - 5.5.5 仓库····················································································· -102 - 5.5.6 物料····················································································· -104 - 5.6 BOS数据交换平台 ··········································································· -110 - 5.7 供应链系统初始化 ··········································································· -114 - 5.7.1 核算参数设置········································································· -114 - 5.7.2 初始数据录入········································································· -117 - 5.7.3 启动业务系统········································································· -122 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -123 - 第 6章生产数据管理 ·················································································· -124 - 6.1 工厂日历 ······················································································· -124 - 6.2 BOM新增 ······················································································ -125 - 6.3 BOM维护 ······················································································ -134 - 6.3.1 BOM合法性检查 ···································································· -134 - 6.3.2 BOM低位码维护 ···································································· -135 - 6.3.3 BOM成批修改、成批新增、成批删除·········································-135 - 6.3.4 工程变更··············································································· -135 - 6.3.5 客户 BOM ············································································· -139 - 6.4 BOM查询 ······················································································ -141 - 6.4.1 BOM单级展开 ······································································· -141 - 6.4.2 BOM多级展开 ······································································· -142 - 6.4.3 BOM综合展开 ······································································· -142 - 6.4.4 BOM单级反查 ······································································· -143 - 6.4.5 BOM多级反查 ······································································· -144 - 6.4.6 成本 BOM查询 ······································································ -144 - 6.4.7 BOM差异分析 ······································································· -146 - 6.4.8 BOM树形查看 ······································································· -147 - 6.4.9 BOM预期呆滞料分析表 ··························································· -147 - 6.5 工艺路线设置 ················································································· -148 - 6.5.1 工序资料··············································································· -148 - 6.5.2 工作中心··············································································· -149 - 6.5.3 资源清单··············································································· -151 - 6.5.4 工艺路线··············································································· -152 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -155 - 第 7章销售管理 ························································································ -156 - 7.1 系统概述 ······················································································· -156 - 7.1.1 销售管理业务流程··································································· -156 - 7.1.2 与其他子系统的关系································································ -157 - 7.1.3 销售业务模式········································································· -157 - 7.2 销售管理系统设置 ··········································································· -158 - 7.2.1 收款条件设置········································································· -158 - 7.2.2 价格政策维护········································································· -161 - 7.2.3 单据自定义············································································ -166 - 7.2.4 套打格式设置········································································· -171 - 7.2.5 审核流管理············································································ -174 - 7.2.6 权限管理··············································································· -178 - 7.3 日常业务处理 ················································································· -183 - 7.3.1 销售报价单············································································ -183 - 7.3.2 销售订单··············································································· -186 - 7.3.3 客户价格管理········································································· -190 - 7.3.4 订单变更··············································································· -192 - 7.3.5 客户信用管理········································································· -196 - 7.3.6 发货通知单············································································ -201 - 7.3.7 销售出库单············································································ -203 - 7.3.8 销售退货单············································································ -203 - 7.3.9 财务结算··············································································· -207 - 7.4 报表统计分析 ················································································· -209 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -211 - 第 8章物料需求计划 ·················································································· -212 - 8.1 系统概述 ······················································································· -212 - 8.1.1 物料需求计划制订过程 ···························································· -212 - 8.1.2 物料需求计划运行流程 ···························································· -213 - 8.1.3 与其他子系统的关系································································ -214 - 8.2 系统参数设置 ················································································· -214 - 8.2.1 计划展望期维护······································································ -214 - 8.2.2 MRP计划方案维护 ································································· -215 - 8.3 日常业务处理 ················································································· -222 - 8.3.1 产品预测··············································································· -222 - 8.3.2 MRP计算·············································································· -223 - 8.3.3 MRP维护及投放 ···································································· -228 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -238 - 第 9章采购管理 ························································································ -239 - 9.1 系统概述 ······················································································· -239 - 9.1.1 采购管理业务流程··································································· -239 - 9.1.2 与其他子系统的关系································································ -240 - 9.1.3 采购业务模式········································································· -241 - 9.2 采购管理系统设置 ··········································································· -241 - 9.2.1 付款条件设置········································································· -241 - 9.2.2 采购价格管理········································································· -242 - 9.2.3 单据自定义············································································ -249 - 9.3 日常业务处理 ················································································· -252 - 9.3.1 采购申请··············································································· -252 - 9.3.2 采购订单··············································································· -254 - 9.3.3 订单变更··············································································· -258 - 9.3.4 收料通知/请检单····································································· -259 - 9.3.5 外购入库单············································································ -262 - 9.3.6 退料通知单············································································ -266 - 9.3.7 财务结算··············································································· -272 - 9.4 采购报表查询分析 ··········································································· -277 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -278 - 第 10章生产任务管理················································································· -280 - 10.1 系统概述 ······················································································ -280 - 10.1.1 生产管理业务流程································································ -280 - 10.1.2 与其他子系统的关系 ···························································· -280 - 10.2 生产管理系统设置 ·········································································· -281 - 10.3 日常业务处理 ················································································ -283 - 10.3.1 手工生产任务单··································································· -283 - 10.3.2 返工生产任务······································································ -284 - 10.3.3 生产任务分割······································································ -286 - 10.3.4 任务单查询········································································· -288 - 10.3.5 任务单下达与反下达 ···························································· -291 - 10.3.6 模拟发料············································································ -295 - 10.3.7 生产领料············································································ -296 - 10.3.8 生产物料报废······································································ -301 - 10.3.9 产品入库············································································ -303 - 10.4 生产报表查询分析 ·········································································· -307 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -308 - 第 11章车间作业管理················································································· -309 - 11.1系统概述 ······················································································ -309 - 11.2日常业务处理 ················································································ -310 - 11.2.1 工序流转卡查看及打印·························································· -310 - 11.2.2 工序流转卡排程··································································· -311 - 11.2.3 工序流转卡汇报··································································· -312 - 11.2.4 委外工序转出单··································································· -316 - 11.2.5 委外工序接收单··································································· -317 - 11.2.6 其他工序业务处理································································ -319 - 11.3车间作业报表查询分析 ···································································· -320 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -323 -第 12章仓存管理······················································································· -325 - 12.1 系统概述 ······················································································ -325 - 12.1.1 仓存管理业务流程································································ -325 - 12.1.2 与其他子系统的关系 ···························································· -326 - 12.2 日常业务处理 ················································································ -327 - 12.2.1 外购入库············································································ -327 - 12.2.2 半成品入库········································································· -328 - 12.2.3 生产领料············································································ -330 - 12.2.4 产成品入库········································································· -334 - 12.2.5 销售出库············································································ -336 - 12.2.6 仓库调拨············································································ -341 - 12.2.7 盘点作业············································································ -342 - 12.3 仓存报表分析 ················································································ -347 - 复习思考题 ··························································································· -348 - 第 13章综合实训······················································································· -349 - 13.1 案例背景 ······················································································ -349 - 13.1.1 企业经营模式······································································ -349 - 13.1.2 信息化特点········································································· -350 - 13.2 基础资料 ······················································································ -350 - 13.2.1 部门·················································································· -350 - 13.2.2 职员·················································································· -351 - 13.2.3 客户·················································································· -351 - 13.2.4 供应商··············································································· -352 - 13.2.5 币别·················································································· -352 - 13.2.6 科目·················································································· -352 - 13.2.7 仓库、仓位········································································· -353 - 13.2.8 物料·················································································· -354 - 13.2.9 BOM信息 ·········································································· -354 - 13.3 建立账套 ······················································································ -358 - 13.3.1 新建公司机构及账套 ···························································· -358 - 13.3.2 设置账套参数······································································ -358 - 13.4 基础资料导入 ················································································ -358 - 13.5 初始数据 ······················································································ -360 - 13.5.1 期初库存············································································ -360 - 13.5.2 期初暂估外购入库单 ···························································· -361 - 13.5.3 期初未核销的委外加工出库单 ················································ -361 - 13.5.4 期初暂估委外加工入库单 ······················································ -362 - 13.5.5结束初始化········································································· -362 - 13.6 日常业务处理 ················································································ -362 - 13.6.1 销售管理············································································ -362 - 13.6.2 产品预测············································································ -364 - 13.6.3 计划管理············································································ -364 - 13.6.4 采购管理············································································ -365 - 13.6.5 委外管理············································································ -366 - 13.6.6 生产任务管理······································································ -366 - 13.6.7 期末处理············································································ -367 - 参考文献 ···································································································· -368 -