语言学基础教程(第2版)

  

   《语言学基础教程（第二版）》包括语言与语言学、语音学与音位学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学、语篇分析、历史语言学、文体学、社会语言学、跨文化交际、心理语言学、认知语言学、应用语言学等十四章。该书在传授基本知识与概念的同时，通过丰富的实例提供了有关语言分析和描述的基本方法，并强调语言学与其他学科的联系，以便适应创新型人才培养的需要。在修订过程中，除了修改了语言表达方面的细节问题，重点对第六章、第七章和第十三章的内容做了修订。第六章主要增加了对理论的解释，以帮助学生更好地把握语用学的理论。第七章增加了批评话语分析的内容，以反映语篇分析的发展和前沿。第十三章增加了“语法化和词汇化”一节，目的使学生了解语法化和词汇化及其背后的认知机制。为使学生巩固所学知识并进一步学习有关知识，拓展语言学学习和研究的空间，每章增加了“深入阅读”（further reading）书单。其他方面的修订就不一一介绍了，希望修订版的《语言学基础教程》能以全新的面目出现在大家的面前，更好地满足广大的语言学教师、学习者和爱好者的需要。我们真诚地期待读者的鼓励和反馈，希望《语言学基础教程》在大家的帮助下不断成长。

苗兴伟，北京师范大学外国语学院副院长、博士生导师，教育部新世纪很好人才。主要从事功能语言学、语用学、语篇分析、文体学和语言教学研究。

   Chapter 1 Language and Linguistics

1.1What is Language

1.2The Design Features of Language

1.3The Origin of Language

1.4What is Linguistics

1.5The Scope of Linguistics

1.6A Brief History of Linguistics

Chapter 2Phonetics and Phonology: The Sounds and Sound Patterns of Language

2.1Introduction

2.2Phonetics

2.3Phonology

2.4Summary

Chapter 3Morphology: The Word Structure of Language

3.1Introduction

3.2The Words of Language

3.3The Structure of Words

3.4Morpheme, Morph and Allomorph

3.5Classification of Morphemes

3.6Word Formation Processes

3.7Summary

Chapter 4Syntax: The Sentence Structure of Language

4.1Introduction

4.2Sentence Structure

4.3The Traditional Approach

4.4The Structural Approach

4.5The Transformational generative Approach

4.6The Functional Approach

4.7Summary

Chapter 5Semantics: The Meaning of Language

5.1Introduction

5.2Approaches to Meaning

5.3Sense and Reference

5.4Word Meaning

5.5Sentence Meaning

5.6Ambiguity

5.7Semantic Analysis

Chapter 6Pragmatics: The Use of Language in Context

6.1Introduction

6.2Pragmatics as a New Branch of Linguistics

6.3Speech Act Theory

6.4Theory of Conversational Implicature

6.5Politeness Principle

6.6Summary

Chapter 7Discourse Analysis: Language Above the Sentence

7.1Introduction

7.2What is Discourse Analysis

7.3Cohesion

7.4Coherence

7.5The Structure of Discourse

7.6Critical Discourse Analysis

7.7Conclusion

Chapter 8Historical Linguistics: Language through Time

8.1Introduction

8.2When Language Changes

8.3How Language Changes

8.4Why Language Changes

8.5Summary

Chapter 9Stylistics: Language and Literature

9.1Introduction

9.2Important Views on Style

9.3Stylistic Analysis

Chapter 10Sociolinguistics: Language and Society

10.1Introduction

10.2The Relations Between Language and Society

10.3Speech Community and Speech Variety

10.4Dialect

10.5Register

10.6Language Contact and Contact Languages

10.7Choosing a Code

Chapter 11Intercultural Communication: Language and Culture

11.1Introduction

11.2Definitions of Culture

11.3The Relationship Between Language and Culture

11.4Naming the World Through Language

11.5Communicative Patterns Across Cultures

11.6Language and Thought: Sapir Whorf Hypothesis

11.7Intercultural Communication

11.8Summary

Chapter 12Psycholinguistics: Language and Psychology

12.1Introduction

12.2Language and the Brain: The Biological Foundations of Language

12.3Language Comprehension

12.4Language Production

12.5Language Acquisition

Chapter 13Cognitive Linguistics: Language and Cognition

13.1Introduction

13.2Categories and Categorization

13.3Conceptual Metaphors

13.4Conceptual Metonymies

13.5Image Schemas

13.6Iconicity

13.7Grammaticalization and Lexicalization

Chapter 14Applied Linguistics: Language Teaching and Learning

14.1Introduction

14.2How is Language Learned?

14.3Individual Differences in Language Learning

14.4Approaches and Methods in Foreign Language Teaching

14.5Language Testing

References

Glossary