Foreword i Introduction iii Preface v Acknowledgementsh vii Asteraceae III Tribe Mutisieae 1 Adenocaulon 1 Leibnitzia 9 Piloselloides 20 Gerbera 25 Uechtritzia 38 Tribe Hyalideae 39 Leucomeris 41 Nouelia 44 Tribe Pertyeae 49 Catamixis 49 Pertya 52 Ainsliaea 71 General References 127 Nomenclatural Novelties 129 New Typifications 130 New Synonyms 131 Index to Scientific Names 133
摘要
Tribe Mutisieae
Tribe Mutisieae Cass.， J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 88: 199. 1819. Type: Mutisia L. f.
Gerbereae (Gerberieae) Lindl.， Encycl. Pl.: 1074. 1829. Type: Gerbera L.
Adenocaulinae A. Gray， Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1: 59. 1884. Type: Adenocaulon Hook.
Perennial herbs， shrubs， rarely vines， often scapose. Leaves alternate， often in basal rosettes. Capitula most radiate (discoid only in Adenocaulon in the Pan-Himalaya). Florets corollas variously colored; marginal corollas mostly bilabiate; disc corollas bilabiate or tubular， shallowly lobed; anther apical appendage not constricted or demarcated; style shallowly bilobed to bifid， usually dorsally papillose only above the style bifurcation point， papillae rounded， never acute， apex rounded. Achene often glandular; pappus of bristles， one to several seriate， rarely absent (only Adenocaulon in the Pan-Himalaya).
Fourteen genera (ca. 220 species): mainly distributed in southern South America， a few in Africa，Australia， Asia， Central and North America; five genera in the Pan-Himalaya.
1a. Achenes apically stipitate glandular; pappus absent 1. Adenocaulon 1b. Achenes never glandular; pappus usually present.
2a. Dimorphic herbs， with two (vernal and autumnal) phases in one year;scape bracteates 2. Leibnitzia
2b. Monomorphic herbs， with only one phase in one year; scape often ebracteate.
Herbs， perennial， often scapose and stout. Leaves alternate or rosulate， glabrous above， tomentose beneath; blade ovate， broadly triangular or lyrate-pinnatifid， margin entire to coarsely lobed. Capitula many in lax panicles， peduncles and pedicels tomentose， persistently tomentose at least until flowering，discoid， heterogamous， marginal florets female， disc florets functionally male; involucres cupshaped，1- or 2-seriate， herbaceous， phyllaries 5–8， equal or subequal， free or sometimes united at the base， reflexed when fruited. Marginal florets 1-seriate， corolla actinomorphic (radiate) or slightly zygomorphic (bilabiate)， 4- or 5-lobed， white or yellowish-white， staminodes 4 or 5; style bifid，branches tongue-shaped to nearly rectangular， sweeping hairs weakly developed; ovary oval to obovoid，usually compressed， obscurely ribbed， with glandular hairs. Central florets functionally male;corolla actinomorphic， 5-lobed; anther bases distinctly caudate; style undivided or slightly divided，abaxially papillate; ovary abortive， without glandular hairs. Achenes of female florets obovoid or clavate，with conspicuous stipitate glandular hairs; pappus absent.
Recent references: Bittmann， 1990a. Die Gattung Adenocaulon (Compositae): I. Morphologie. Candollea 45: 389–420; Bittmann， 1990b. Die Gattung Adenocaulon (Compositae): II. ？kologie， Verbreitung und Systematik. Candollea 45: 493–518; Katinas L， 2000. Implications of morphological phylogenetics for the placement of the genera Adenocaulon and Eriachaenium (Asteraceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 223: 229–250; Katinas et al.， 2008. The subfamily Mutisioideae (Asteraceae). Bot. Rev. 74: 469–716; Funk et al.， 2016. Home at last: the enigmatic genera Eriachaenium and Adenocaulon (Compositae， Mutisioideae， Mutisieae， Adenocaulinae). PhytoKeys 60: 1–19; Funk & Hind， 2016. Typification of species names in Adenocaulon and Eriachaenium (Compositae/Asteraceae， Subfamily Mutisioideae， Tribe Mutisieae， Subtribe Adenocaulinae). PhytoKeys 69: 121–128.
Notes: The tribal position of Adenocaulon has been disputed for a long time. It was previously placed in each of the following tribes: Adenocauleae， Anthemideae， Cardueae， Eupatorieae， Heliantheae，Inuleae， Mutisieae， and Senecioneae. Recent morphological and molecular evidence supported it as a member of the tribe Mutisieae (s. str.) (Funk et al.， 2016).
Five species: disjunctly distributed in America (South， Central， and North) and E Asia; two species (one endemic) in the Pan-Himalaya.
1a. Leaves not decurrent on stems; phyllaries 2–3.5 mm long; anther appendage rounded 1. A. himalaicum
1b. Leaves decurrent on stems; phyllaries 4–6 mm long; anther appendage mucronate 2. A. nepalense
1. Adenocaulon himalaicum Edgew.， Trans.Linn. Soc. London 20 (1): 64. 1846; Anonymous， Iconogr. Cormophyt. Sin. 4: 486. f.6386. 1975; Chowdhery in Hajra et al.， Fl.India 12: 361. 1995; Grierson & Springate in Springate， Fl. Bhutan 2(3): 1422. 2001; Chen & Hind in Wu， Raven & Hong， Fl. China 20–21: 10. 2011. Type: India， “Habitat Himala， in sylvis， alt. ped. 7000–9000， intra Nagkundaet Kotgurh， Padma Khal in Gharhwal Occidentalis.”，1844， M. P. Edgeworth 15 [holotype: K (K000250901)].
