目录
Scopeand Sequence
Welcome
Chapter 1 Becoming a Member of a Community
Chapter 2 Career Planning
Chapter 3 The Free Enterprise System
Chapter 4 Animal Behavior
Chapter 5 Nutrition
Appendix 1 Spelling Rules
Appendix 2 Common Irregular Verbs
Appendix 3 Stative and Nonstative Verbs
Appendix 4 Academic Word List
Vocabulary Index
摘要
All cultures have rites of passage.A rite of passage is an activity that marks a change in a person's life.In other words,it is a sign of a change or transition from one condition in life to another.It can also be a change in place,social position,or age.Many cultures have rites of passage(or rituals)for birth,initiation(becoming a member of a group),marriage,and death.For example,graduation is a rite of passage.A wedding is a rite of passage.Many cultures have coming-of-age rituals,or rites of passage for changing from a child into an adult.
Beconung a Member of a Group
People can join a group-become a member-at different times in life.An example of a birth ritual in many cultures is naming-gMng a new baby one or more names.Naming rituals often mean two things: the new person is an individual,and'he or she is also a member of a group.For example,a first name-Maria-means that the baby is an individual.A last name-Aquino-means that the baby is a member of a specific family group.An example of an initiation ritual TsYjoining a special group such as a club or organization.In some initiation rituals for clubs,students must do certain tasks.After they do the tasks,they are members of the group.
Most rites of passage have three stages,or parts,in the ritual: separation,transition,and incorporation.In the separation stage,people leave a social group and begin to move from one place or position to another place or position.In this stage,they are beginning the rite of passage.They often separate from the rest of society and stop their previous actMties.The transition stage is in the middle of the rite of passage.At this stage,people are between groups.They don't belong to either group.At this stage,they are learning the appropriate or correct behavior for their new role-the part they play in the group.In the incorporation stage,people find their new role,and they rejoin the group.At this point,the ritual is finished.
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