CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION 1.1General background 1.2Aims of the study 1.3The shape of the study CHAPTER 2 THE NOTION OF COLLOCATION 2.1The importance of collocation 2.1.1The pervasiveness of phraseological tendency 2.1.2The importance of collocation for L2 1earners 2.1.3Summary 2.2The notion of collocation 2.2.1Collocation previously approached 2.2.2Collocation defined in this study 2.2.3Collocations classified in this study 2.2.4Summary CHAPTER 3 COLLOCATION STUDIES IN SECOND LEARNER ENGLISH 3.1Methodologies adopted in L2 collocation studies 3.1.1Elicitation data—based collocation studies 3.1.2Spontaneous data—based collocation studies 3.2Previous findings from L2 collocation research 3.2.1Forms of collocation deficiency：overuse，underuse and misuse 3.2.2The role of learners’L1 3.2.3Collocation lag CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH DESIGN 4.1Research purpose and questions 4.2The selection of verb+noun,adiective+noun and noun+noun collocations 4.3The learner corpus—CLEC 4.4Collocation dictionaries for reference 4.5The reference corpus——BNC 4.6Software for retrieval and analysis 4.7Procedure 4.7.1Tagging and reliability check 4.7.2Investigation of verb+noun collocations 4.7.3Investigation of adjective+noun and noun+noun collocations 4.8Summary CHAPTER 5CHINESE LEARNERS’PRODUCTION OF COLLOCATIONS 5.1Overall analyses(1)：general patterns of VN collocation produced by L2 learners 5.1.1Overall tokens of collocations 5.1.2Overall types of collocations and collocation distribution 5.1.3Collocation misuses 5.1.4Synopsis of overall analyses(1) 5.2Overall analyses(2)：between—group comparisons of delexical VN collocations 5.2.1Between—group comparisons of well—formed De LexVN collocations 5.2.2Between—group comparisons of erroneous De LexVN collocations 5.2.3Synopsis of overall analyses(2) 5.3Overall analyses(3)：verb growth and collocation errors 5.4Synopsis of the overall analyses of verb+noun collocations CHAPTER 6VERB INCREASE AND THE PRODUCTION OF COLLOCATIONS 6.1Detailed analyses—verb increase and collocation uses 6.1.1Analysis of VN collocations within synsets identified at the ST2 and ST6 levels 6.1.2Analysis of VN collocations within synsets identified at the ST2,ST5 and ST6 levels 6.2Synopsis of detailed analyses of verb increase and collocation uses 6.3 An alternative explanation：new nouns and collocation uses 6.3.1New nouns in the ST6 VN collocations(new as with the ST2 level) 6.3.2New nouns in the ST6 VN collocations(new as compared wit level)and new nouns in the ST5 VN collocations(new as comp the ST2 level) CHAPTER 7CHINESE LEARNERS’PERFORMANCE ON ENGLISH ADJECTIVE+NOUN AND NOUN+NOUN COLLCATIONS 7.1Analyses of adjective+noun collocations 7.2Analyses of noun+noun collocations 7.3Synopsis of the analyses of adjective+noun and collocations CHAPTER 8COMPARISON AND INTERPRETATION OF LEARNERS’ PERFORMANCE ON THE THREE TYPES OF COLLOCATIONS 8.1Collocation errors in the three types of collocations 8.2Vocabulary growth and collocation errors 8.3Synsets and collocation produ 8.4Synopsis of the findings in this chapter CHAPTER 9 THE ROLE OF L1 IN COLLATION LEARNING 9.1The notion of congruence 9.2Within--group comparison of well formed and erroneous and non—congruent VN collocations 9.3Between group comparison of well formed and erroneous and non—congruent VN collocations 9.4Within—group comparison of positive and negative L1 influenceVN and AN collocations 9.5Synopsis of findings in this chapter CHAPTER 10SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 10.1Summary 10.2Implications 10.2.1Theoretical implications 10.2.2Pedagogical implications 10.3Limitations and ways forward APPENDlCES REFERENCES INDEX
