网络操作系统WINDOWS SERVER 2012系统管理/王伟

    本书以Windows Server 2012 操作系统为实例，全面、翔实地讲述Windows Server 服务器操作系统的主要系统平台管理、网络服务与维护技能等知识内容。主要内容包括：Windows Server 2012 操作系统的安装配置、本地账户管理、文件系统、磁盘管理、活动目录服务和资源共享管理等系统管理，以及DNS、DHCP、IIS 和网络路由等网络服务器的配置和管理，并进一步全面地对Windows Server 2012 的系统安全管理应用技术、系统性能优化管理实施、系统的备份与恢复等进行详细阐述。本书具有实用性和可操作性，语言精练，通俗易懂，配有大量演示性图例，从工程实践与系统管理的角度深入讲解Windows Server 2012 操作系统技术的应用，可作为高等院校计算机应用技术、计算机网络和计算机软件技术等应用型专业的操作系统实用技术课程教材，同时还可作为从事计算机系统管理、网络管理与维护等系统工程技术人员的参考用书。

    本书以Windows Server 2012 操作系统为实例，全面、翔实地讲述Windows Server 服务器操作系统的主要系统平台管理、网络服务与维护技能等知识内容。主要内容包括：Windows Server 2012 操作系统的安装配置、本地账户管理、文件系统、磁盘管理、活动目录服务和资源共享管理等系统管理，以及DNS、DHCP、IIS 和网络路由等网络服务器的配置和管理，并进一步全面地对Windows Server 2012 的系统安全管理应用技术、系统性能优化管理实施、系统的备份与恢复等进行详细阐述。本书具有实用性和可操作性，语言精练，通俗易懂，配有大量演示性图例，从工程实践与系统管理的角度深入讲解Windows Server 2012 操作系统技术的应用，可作为高等院校计算机应用技术、计算机网络和计算机软件技术等应用型专业的操作系统实用技术课程教材，同时还可作为从事计算机系统管理、网络管理与维护等系统工程技术人员的参考用书。

第1 章 系统安装与基本管理 ································································································ 1
1.1 Windows Server 2012 操作系统概述 ····································································· 1
1.2 利用虚拟机工具软件安装 Windows Server 2012 系统 ········································ 4
1.2.1 创建虚拟计算机系统及其配置管理 ·························································· 5
1.2.2 安装Windows Server 2012 ······································································· 10
1.2.3 系统安装完成后的初始化 ········································································ 15
1.3 MMC 和服务器管理器操作应用 ········································································· 17
1.3.1 使用MMC ································································································ 17
1.3.2 服务器管理器初识 ··················································································· 19
1.4 Windows Server 2012 系统环境基本配置 ························································· 19
1.4.1 设置用户桌面环境 ··················································································· 19
1.4.2 设置计算机名与TCP/IP 地址 ·································································· 21
1.4.3 更改用户、系统环境变量 ········································································ 23
1.4.4 应用“系统配置”功能排除系统故障 ························································· 25
实训1 ····················································································································· 26
习题1 ······················································································································· 26
第2 章 本地用户和组的管理 ··················································································· 28
2.1 管理本地用户账户 ······························································································· 28
2.1.1 用户账户管理原理 ··················································································· 28
2.1.2 创建用户账户 ··························································································· 29
2.1.3 设置用户账户属性 ··················································································· 32
2.1.4 删除本地用户账户 ··················································································· 36
2.2 管理组账户 ·········································································································· 37
2.2.1 组账户概述 ······························································································· 37
2.2.2 创建本地用户组的操作 ············································································ 38
2.2.3 删除、重命名本地组及修改本地组成员 ················································· 39
2.3 与本地用户相关的安全管理操作 ······································································· 39
实训2 ····················································································································· 43
习题2 ··················································································································· 44
第3 章 文件系统管理 ·········································································································· 45
3.1 文件系统概述 ······································································································ 45
3.2 NTFS 文件系统管理 ···························································································· 48
3.2.1 NTFS 权限概述 ························································································ 48
3.2.2 设置NTFS 权限························································································ 50
3.2.3 NTFS 的压缩与加密属性 ········································································· 56
实训3 ·············································································································· 61
习题3 ············································································································· 61
第4 章 系统磁盘管理 ······························································································ 62
4.1 Windows Server 2012 磁盘管理分类 ··································································· 62
4.1.1 基本磁盘管理类型 ··················································································· 62
4.1.2 动态磁盘管理类型 ··················································································· 63
4.2 基本磁盘管理设置 ······························································································· 64
4.2.1 虚拟计算机中如何增加磁盘设备 ···························································· 65
4.2.2 基本磁盘的扩展 ······················································································· 69
4.2.3 基本磁盘的压缩 ······················································································· 69
4.3 动态磁盘管理设置 ······························································································· 71
4.3.1 磁盘类型转换 ··························································································· 71
4.3.2 简单卷管理 ······························································································· 73
4.3.3 创建跨区卷 ······························································································· 76
4.3.4 创建带区卷 ······························································································· 79
4.3.5 创建镜像卷和RAID-5 卷 ········································································· 81
4.4 磁盘管理的其他辅助功能 ··················································································· 83
4.4.1 磁盘配额的管理 ······················································································· 83
4.4.2 磁盘连接简介 ··························································································· 86
实训4 ··········································································································· 86
习题4 ···················································································································· 87
第5 章 活动目录服务与域模式账户管理 ·········································································· 88
5.1 Windows Server 系统活动目录服务概述 ···························································· 88
5.1.1 活动目录服务概述 ··················································································· 88
5.1.2 活动目录的特性 ······················································································· 89
5.1.3 活动目录与域 ··························································································· 90
5.2 活动目录服务的安装 ··························································································· 93
5.2.1 安装活动目录服务 ··················································································· 94
5.2.2 客户计算机加入到域 ················································································ 99
5.3 活动目录服务的管理 ··························································································· 99
5.3.1 活动目录服务管理工具 ·········································································· 100
5.3.2 设置域的管理属性 ················································································· 100
5.3.3 创建域的信任关系 ················································································· 101
5.3.4 提升域的功能级别 ················································································· 104
5.3.5 管理不同的域 ························································································· 105
5.3.6 站点管理 ································································································· 106
5.4 域模式的账户管理 ····························································································· 109
5.4.1 域的登录用户账户管理技术 ·································································· 109
5.4.2 域模式的组账户管理技术 ······································································ 113
实训5 ·························································································································· 115
习题5 ·························································································································· 116
第6 章 共享资源的管理 ···································································································· 117
6.1 文件夹共享实现 ································································································ 117
6.1.1 创建共享文件夹 ····················································································· 117
6.1.2 共享文件夹的访问 ················································································· 123
6.1.3 共享文件夹的权限 ················································································· 125
6.2 分布式文件系统（DFS）的管理 ······································································ 125
6.2.1 分布式文件系统（DFS） ······································································· 126
6.2.2 安装DFS 服务内容 ················································································ 128
6.2.3 管理DFS ································································································· 132
6.2.4 访问DFS 中的文件 ················································································ 134
6.3 卷影副本功能的实现 ························································································· 135
6.3.1 卷影副本 ································································································· 135
6.3.2 卷影副本的应用 ····················································································· 135
6.4 脱机文件夹的管理 ····························································································· 137
6.4.1 脱机文件夹 ····························································································· 138
6.4.2 脱机文件夹的配置 ················································································· 139
实训6 ·························································································································· 142
习题6 ·························································································································· 143
第7 章 域名解析服务（DNS）管理 ················································································ 144
7.1 域名解析服务概述 ····························································································· 144
7.1.1 初识DNS 服务 ······················································································· 144
7.1.2 理解DNS 的域名空间 ············································································ 145
7.2 DNS 域名解析实现 ···························································································· 146
7.2.1 DNS 域名解析的过程 ············································································· 146
7.2.2 分析DNS 域名解析的方式 ···································································· 146
7.2.3 DNS 服务器的高速缓存与生存时间的设置 ·········································· 147
7.3 DNS 服务的创建································································································ 148
7.3.1 安装DNS 服务器组件 ············································································ 148
7.3.2 创建正向搜索区域 ················································································· 151
7.3.3 创建反向查询区域 ················································································· 158
7.3.4 配置DNS 客户端 ··················································································· 161
7.3.5 测试DNS 服务 ······················································································· 163
7.3.6 实现DNS 服务器的相关应用 ································································ 165
7.4 解决DNS 应用中常见问题 ··············································································· 167
实训7 ························································································································· 168
习题7 ························································································································· 169
第8 章 动态主机配置协议（DHCP） 服务管理 ··························································· 170
8.1 动态主机配置协议（DHCP）概述 ··································································· 170
8.1.1 DHCP 服务概述 ······················································································ 170
8.1.2 DHCP 服务的工作过程 ·········································································· 171
8.2 DHCP 服务器的配置与管理 ············································································· 173
8.2.1 安装DHCP 服务 ····················································································· 173
8.2.2 DHCP 服务器的授权 ·············································································· 175
8.2.3 创建和管理作用域 ················································································· 176
8.2.4 配置DHCP 客户端 ················································································· 185
8.3 DHCP 服务器的其他应用 ················································································· 186
8.3.1 创建超级作用域 ····················································································· 186
8.3.2 DHCP 中继代理的应用 ·········································································· 186
8.4 DHCP 服务维护管理 ························································································· 190
8.4.1 监视DHCP 服务 ····················································································· 190
8.4.2 维护DHCP 服务数据库 ········································································· 190
实训8 ························································································································· 191
习题8 ························································································································· 192
第9 章 Internet 信息服务（IIS）管理 ··········································································· 193
9.1 Internet 信息服务（IIS）概述 ··········································································· 193
9.2 安装并测试IIS ·································································································· 194
9.3 创建Web 站点 ··································································································· 197
9.3.1 使用“默认站点”发布网站 ······································································ 197
9.3.2 通过向导创建Web 站点········································································· 200
9.3.3 创建虚拟目录 ························································································· 201
9.3.4 创建多个网站 ························································································· 203
9.4 Web 服务器的管理 ···························································································· 204
9.4.1 Web 站点的安全验证管理 ······································································ 204
9.4.2 监视和诊断Web 服务器上的活动 ························································· 207
9.4.3 ASP.NET 网站应用程序的设置 ······························································ 209
9.5 安装与配置FTP 服务器 ···················································································· 211
9.5.1 FTP 概述 ································································································· 211
9.5.2 创建FTP 站点与虚拟目录 ····································································· 211
9.5.3 FTP 客户端的访问 ·················································································· 214
9.5.4 配置FTP 服务器 ···················································································· 216
实训9 ·························································································································· 219
习题9 ·························································································································· 219
第10 章 路由和远程访问服务（RRAS）管理 ································································ 220
10.1 Windows Server 2012 路由器及其配置 ··························································· 220
10.1.1 路由协议概述 ······················································································· 220
10.1.2 路由表内容的组成 ················································································ 221
10.1.3 Windows Server 2012 路由器的设置 ···················································· 221
10.1.4 使用网络测试命令 ················································································ 228
10.2 远程访问服务的实现 ······················································································· 230
10.2.1 远程访问服务的基本功能 ···································································· 230
10.2.2 远程访问服务的连接分类 ···································································· 231
10.3 虚拟专用网VPN 的管理 ················································································· 231
10.3.1 理解虚拟专用网VPN 工作原理 ·························································· 231
10.3.2 虚拟专用网VPN 服务的操作实现······················································· 231
实训10 ························································································································ 234
习题10 ························································································································ 235
第11 章 系统安全管理技术 ······························································································ 236
11.1 组策略的安全设置操作 ··················································································· 236
11.1.1 组策略 ··································································································· 236
11.1.2 组策略的管理操作 ················································································ 237
11.2 设置安全的审核策略 ······················································································· 244
11.2.1 审核策略 ······························································································· 244
11.2.2 审核设置项 ··························································································· 244
11.2.3 登录服务器失败系统自动报警的操作 ················································· 245
11.3 软件策略设置实现 ··················································································· 251
11.3.1 创建软件策略 ················································································ 251
11.3.2 配置软件策略的操作 ···································································· 252
11.4 利用本地组策略进行系统安全配置 ································································ 254
11.4.1 关闭自动播放 ······················································································· 254
11.4.2 禁止用户使用注册表编辑工具 ···························································· 255
11.4.3 禁止用户运行特定程序 ········································································ 256
11.4.4 禁止恶意程序入侵 ················································································ 258
11.4.5 跟踪用户登录情况 ················································································ 259
11.5 Windows Server 2012 的主要访问安全控制机制实现 ···································· 260
实训11 ························································································································ 261
习题11 ························································································································ 261
第12 章 系统监视与性能优化 ·························································································· 262
12.1 可靠性和性能监视器的应用 ··········································································· 262
12.1.1 性能监视器功能初识 ············································································ 262
12.1.2 使用监视工具 ······················································································· 264
12.1.3 收集监视数据 ······················································································· 271
12.2 “事件查看器”工具的应用 ··········································································· 276
12.2.1 事件查看实现 ······················································································· 276
12.2.2 启动事件查看器 ··················································································· 277
12.2.3 定制事件 ······························································································· 278
12.2.4 管理事件日志 ······················································································· 281
12.3 内存诊断工具的应用 ······················································································· 284
12.3.1 运行内存诊断工具················································································ 284
12.3.2 内存诊断工具的高级选项 ···································································· 285
实训12 ························································································································ 285
习题12 ························································································································ 286
第13 章 系统备份与恢复 ·································································································· 287
13.1 创建备份任务 ·································································································· 287
13.1.1 安装和启动Windows Server Backup 工具 ··········································· 288
13.1.2 配置自动备份计划················································································ 290
13.1.3 配置一次性备份 ··················································································· 294
13.1.4 修改自动备份计划················································································ 295
13.2 恢复备份数据 ·································································································· 298
13.3 Windows Server 2012 操作系统恢复 ······························································· 301
13.3.1 应对系统故障的安全措施 ···································································· 301
13.3.2 系统不能启动的解决方案 ···································································· 302
实训13 ·········································································································· 305
习题13 ·········································································································· 305