Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Statement of the problem and significance of the present research 1.2 Research objectives and central theme 1.3 Research questions and hypotheses 1.4 Research methodology applied 1.5 Structure of the book Chapter 2 Diverse Views of Culture in Intercultural Communication (IC) Studies 2.1 Conceptualizing culture 2.1.1 Categorization of definitions of culture 2.1.2 Structural-functional view of culture 2.1.3 Process view of culture 2.1.4 Critical view of culture 2.1.5 Postmodern view of culture 2.2 Philosophical foundations of diverse views of culture in IC 2.2.1 Two primary dimensions 2.2.2 Three paradigms 2.2.3 Paradigm wars or paradigm integration? 2.3 Chapter summary Chapter 3 The Fixed-Traits View of Culture: A Critical Analysis 3.1 Nature of the fixed-traits view of culture 3.1.1 What is culture? 3.1.2 How do cultures vary? 3.2 Representations of the fixed-traits view in contemporary IC scholarship 3.2.1 "Culture" in key IC publications in the US 3.2.2 "Culture" in selected Chinese IC publications 3.2.3 A "culture paradox" in contemporary research 3.2.4 Cultural dimensions and syndromes as "sophisticated stereotypes" 3.3 Contributions of the fixed-traits view 3.4 Limitations of the fixed-traits view 3.4.1 Conceptual challenges 3.4.2 Empirical challenges 3.5 Chapter summary Chapter 4 Improvements of the Fixed-Traits View across Related Disciplines 4.1 Multiple-level cultural analysis 4.1.1 Individual level analysis of culture in cross-cultural psychology 4.1.2 Individual level analysis of culture in IC studies 4.1.3 Kulich's cultural analytical matrix 4.1.4 Summary 4.2 Emic approaches to culture 4.2.1 Etic and emic approaches perceived as complementary 4.2.2 Etic and emic approaches perceived as incompatible 4.3 Chapter summary Chapter 5 The Dynamic Process View of Culture: A Review 5.1 Defining culture 5.1.1 Culture as a loose network of shared knowledge 5.1.2 Uneven distribution of cultural knowledge 5.1.3 Human agency in culture and psychology 5.2 Forms of cultural knowledge 5.2.1 Declarative knowledge 5.2.2 Procedural knowledge 5.3 Location of cultural knowledge 5.4 Application of cultural knowledge 5.4.1 Availability of cultural knowledge 5.4.2 Chronic accessibility of cultural knowledge 5.4.3 Temporary accessibility of cultural knowledge 5.4.4 Applicability of cultural knowledge 5.4.5 Moderating factors in cultural knowledge activation 5.5 Chapter summary Chapter 6 Culture as Dynamic Processes in IC 6.1 "Normalizing" culture 6.1.1 Culture as the whole story 6.1.2 Culture as part of the story 6.2 Understanding IC.A dynamic process view of culture 6.2.1 A cursory review of some key IC models 6.2.2 Underemphasized intergroup dimensions of IC 6.2.3 Proposing a cultural process model of IC 6.3 Chapter summary Chapter 7 Initial Tests of the Cultural Process Model of IC (1) : Study I 7.1 Culture priming 7.2 Research background 7.3 Significance of Study I 7.4 Tentative research hypothesis 7.5 Pilot study and modified hypothesis 7.6 Method 7.6.1 Subjects 7.6.2 Culture and neutral primes and the social attribution task 7.6.3 Procedures 7.6.4 Data analysis 7.7 Results 7.8 Discussion 7.9 Chapter summary Chapter 8 Initial Tests of the cultural Process Model of IC (2) : Studies Ⅱ and Ⅲ 8.1 Study II 8.1.1 The proverb sampling method 8.1.2 The IC dimension of the experiment 8.1.3 Research hypotheses 8.1.4 Method 8.1.5 Data analysis and results 8.1.6 Discussion 8.2 Study Ⅲ 8.2.1 What is "over-tuning effect?" 8.2.2 The case 8.2.3 Case analysis 8.3 Chapter summary Chapter 9 General Discussions and Conclusion 9.1 Summary of the research 9.2 Theoretical and practical implications of the present research 9.2.1 Theoretical implications 9.2.2 Practical implications 9.3 Limitations of the present research 9.4 Directions for future research Appendixes References
