I.General Introduction 1.1 Geography and People 1.2 The Environment 1.3 The People of Britain II.History 2.1 Origin of the English Nation 2.1.1 The Native Celts and the Anglo-Saxon Conquest 2.1.2 The Norman Conquest 2.2 The Great Charter and Beginning of Parliament 2.2.1 The Great Charter 2.2.2 Beginning of Parliament 2.3 Feudalism in England 2.3.1 The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) 2.3.2 The Black Death (1348-1349) 2.3.3 The Peasant Uprising (1381) 2.3.4 The Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) 2.4 The Bourgeois Revolution 2.4.1 James I (1603-1625) and the Parliament 2.4.2 Charles I (1625-1649) 2.4.3 The Short Parliament and the Long Parliament 2.4.4 The Civil Wars 2.4.5 Cromwell as Lord Protector 2.4.6 Restoration (1660) 2.5 The Industrial Revolution and the Chartist Movement 2.5.1 Background of the Industrial Revolution 2.5.2 Process of the Industrial Revolution 2.5.3 Effect of the Industrial Revolution 2.5.4 The Chartist Movement (1836-1848) 2.5.5 Queen Victoria and Her Time 2.6 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire 2.6.1 Effects of Two World Wars 2.6.2 Decline of the Empire ...... III.Government, Parliament and the Legal System IV.Society and Economy V.Culture and Education VI.Characteristics of Its English VII.Customs and Holidays References Postscript