软件测试 原理与实践(英文版·第2版)

本书的内容基于爱尔兰国立大学梅努斯和浙江大学的一系列课程讲稿。该书覆盖了软件测试的基本原理和主要方法，可以作为软件测试全英课程或双语课程的教材。

Prefaceii
1 Introduction1
1.1 The Software Industry1
1.1.1 Software Testing and Quality2
1.1.2 Software Testing and Risk Management3
1.2 Mistakes, Faults and Failures3
1.2.1 Software Faults4
1.2.2 Software Failures5
1.2.3 Need for Testing6
1.3 The Role of Specifications8
1.4 Overview of Testing9
1.4.1 Testing in the Development Process9
1.4.2 Test Automation9
1.5 The Theory of Testing10
1.5.1 Exhaustive Testing Example11
1.5.2 Implications11
1.5.3 When To Finish Testing12
1.6 Book Structure13
1.6.1 Order of Testing14
1.6.2 Programming Language14
1.6.3 Level of Detail14
1.6.4 Code Examples14
1.7 Notes on Terminology14
2 Principles of Software Testing15
2.1 Static Verification15
2.1.1 Walk-throughs16
2.1.2 Code Reviews/Inspections16
2.1.3 Formal Methods and Testing18
2.2 Dynamic Verification19
2.3 Black-Box and White-Box Testing19
2.3.1 Errors of “Omission” and “Commission” 21
2.4 Test Approaches22
2.4.1 Black-Box Testing22
2.4.2 White-Box Testing23
2.4.3 Fault Insertion24
2.5 Test Design Process24
2.5.1Analysis 25
2.5.2Generating Test Cases 25
2.5.3Generating Test Data 26
2.5.4Implementing Tests 26
2.6 Analysis of Software Specifications 27
2.6.1Parameters 27
2.6.2Parameter Ranges 27
2.6.3Equivalence Partitions 28
2.6.4Boundary Values 29
2.6.5Combinations of Values 30
2.6.6Sequences of Values 38
2.7 Analysis of Software Components 40
2.7.1Control Flow Graphs 40
2.7.2Decisions and Conditions 43
2.7.3Paths 44
2.7.4Data Flows 47
2.8 Analysis of Targets for Fault Insertion 47
2.8.1Offutt’s 5 Sufficient Mutations 47
2.9 TestArtefacts 48
3 Unit Testing50
3.1 Techniques50
3.2 Usage51
3.3 Black-Box Techniques52
3.3.1 Equivalence Partitioning (EP)52
3.3.2 Boundary Value Analysis (BVA)53
3.3.3 Testing Combinations of Inputs55
3.3.4 Testing Sequences of Inputs/State-Based Testing56
3.3.5 Testing with Random Data 56
3.3.6 Error Guessing/Expert Opinion 58
3.4White-Box Techniques 59
3.4.1Statement Coverage (SC) 60
3.4.2 Branch Coverage (BC) 61
3.4.3 Condition Coverage (CC) 62
3.4.4 Decision Condition Coverage (DCC) 64
3.4.5 Multiple Condition Coverage (MCC)65
3.4.6 Modified Condition Decision Coverage (MCDC)66
3.4.7 Path Coverage 67
3.4.8 Dataflow Coverage (DU Pairs) 68
3.5 Fault Insertion 69
3.5.1 Strong Mutation Testing 69
3.6Test Ranking 70
4 Unit Testing Examples 71
4.1Example One: fits()71
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