高级英语写作(高等学校英语专业教材)

本书以英语写作课教学中贯穿启发性指引为主线，重点阐释语言表达 方面准确恰当、通顺连贯、言简意赅、生动形象，以及写作过程中觅材取 材、布局谋篇、论题建构、修辞诉诸等问题，并结合现代英语修辞学理论 来指导学习者的英语写作实践。 本书在内容上对讲授知识点的传统做法作了创造性的改进。理论指导 与操作训练并重，既有利于教师的讲授，又有利于提高学生的英语写作水 平。 本书是上海市教委重点教材，可供英语专业高年级本科生、研究生使 用。

Chapter One Writing in Perspective 1.1 A Communicative View of Writing 1.2 A Contextual View of Writing 1.3 A Rhetorical View of Writing 1.3.1 Rhetorical Triangulation in Writing 1.3.2 Overarching Rhetorical Principle Exercises Chapter Two Invention in Writing 2.1 Audience Analysis 2.1.1 Identifying Audience 2.1.2 Analyzing a General Audience 2.1.3 Analyzing a Specific Audience 2.2 Invention Schemes 2.2.1 A Tripartite-Topoi System 2.2.2 Brainstorming 2.2.3 Cubing 2.2.4 Journalists' Five W's and H 2.2.5 Tagmemic Discovery Model 2.2.6 Stasis Model Exercises Chapter Three Diction and Rhetorical Strategies 3.1 Levels of Words 3.2 Meanings of Words 3.3 Specific VS General, and Concrete VS Abstract Words 3.4 Dynamic VS Static Words 3.5 Figures of Speech 3.5.1 Simile 3.5.2 Metaphor 3.5.3 Personification 3.5.4 Metonymy 3.5.5 Synecdoche 3.5.6 Transferred Epithet 3.5.7 Hyperbole 3.5.8 Onomatopoeia 3.5.9 Euphemism 3.5.10 Oxymoron 3.5.11 Other Figures of Speech Exercises Chapter Four Sentence Construction and Rhetorical Strategies 4.1 Notion of Sentence 4.2 Classification of Sentences 4.2.1 Simple, Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences 4.2.2 Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative, and Exclamatory Sentences 4.2.3 Loose, Periodic and Balanced Sentences 4.2 4 Short and Long Sentences 4.3 Principles of Sentence Construction 4.3.1 From-Shared-to-New Principle 4.3.2 End-Focus and End-Weight Principles 4.3.3 Head-and-Tail Principle 4.4 Rhetorical Perspectives in Sentence Construction 4.4.1 Emphasis 4.4.2 Conciseness 4.4.3 Balance 4.4.4 Variety 4.5 Common Sentence Errors and Mistakes 4.5.1 Comma Splice 4.5.2 Misplaced Modifier 4.5.3 Dangling Modifier 4.5.4 Run-on Sentence 4.5.5 Sentence Fragment 4.5.6 Faulty Parallelism Exercises Chapter Five Paragraph Construction and Rhetorical Strategies 5.1 Notion of Paragraph and Its Basic Structure 5.2 Formulating a Topic Sentence 5.3 Ways of Paragraph Development 5.3.1 Narration 5.3.2 Description 5.3.3 Exemplification 5.3.4 Process 5.3.5 Comparison and Contrast 5.3.6 Classification 5.3.7 Cause and Effect 5.3.8 Definition 5.3.9 Combination of Methods 5.4 Paragraph as Argument and Rhetorical Strategies 5.4.1 Structure of Argument 5.4.2 Micro-Structure of Paragraph as Argument 5.4.2.1 A Point of Departure: Sentence as Argument 5.4.2.2 Similarity Between Sentence and Paragraph .. 5.4.3 Macro-Structure of Paragraph as Argument 5.4.4 Identificational Strategies for Constructing Paragraph as Argument 5.5 Problems to Address 5.5.1 Disunity and Incoherence 5.5.2 Shallow Reasoning Exercises Chapter Six Essay Construction and Rhetorical Strategies 6.1 Structure of Essay 6.2 Formulating an Outline 6.3 Formulating a Thesis Statement 6.4 Traditional Modes of Discourse 6.4.1 Narration 6.4.2 Description 6.4.3 Exposition 6.4.4 Argumentation 6.5 Whole Essay as Argument 6.5.1 Similarity Between Paragraph and Whole Essay 6.5.2 Macro-Structure of Essay as Argument 6.5.3 Identificational Strategies for Constructing Essay as Argument 6.6 Rhetorical Strategies for Beginning and End 6.6.1 Rhetorical Strategies for Introduction 6.6.2 Rhetorical Strategies for Conclusion 6.7 Appropriate Tone 6.8 A Common Problem to Tackle 6.8.1 Chinese Spiral Form VS English Linear Form 6.8.2 A Solution to the Problem: An Interaction Model Exercises Bibliography