中国人工智能领域创新创业研究报告(2021-2022)

近十年来，人工智能领域的研究和应用进入了加速发展和繁荣期。本书从人工智能产业发展概况、人工智能技术发展趋势分析、中国人工智能企业发展概况、中国人工智能企业创新发展、中国人工智能领域创新创业热点、中国人工智能领域创新创业存在问题与政策建议、中国人工智能领域城市发展案例分析等方面介绍了人工智能发展的重点数据。

科学技术部火炬高技术产业开发中心隶属于科技部，以“发展高科技，实现产业化”为己任，坚持以“国家目标、地方组织、市场导向”为方针，以创新谋发展。通过国家高新技术产业开发区、科技企业孵化器（众创空间）、高新技术企业、技术市场、科技金融、创新型产业集群、科技型中小企业等一系列政策工具的制定和实施，在建设创新创业环境，聚集科技资源，促进技术创新与转化，加强科技和经济结合，调整产业结构，增强区域创新能力等方面，取得了卓越的成绩。

\"目　录 第一章　人工智能产业发展概况 ··························································1 一、人工智能产业发展概况 ····························································1 （一）产业发展现状 ·······························································1 （二）技术发展现状 ·······························································5 二、人工智能产业政策分析 ····························································8 （一）国际人工智能产业政策分析 ·············································8 （二）中国人工智能产业政策分析 ·············································9 第二章　人工智能技术发展趋势分析 ··················································13 一、国际方面 ·············································································13 （一）国际技术更加突出拟人化 ···············································13 （二）国外主要经济体专利申请量逐步下滑 ································16 （三）全球顶刊文章数量总体呈上升态势 ···································17 二、国内方面 ·············································································18 （一）技术发展持续进步且更重视应用成效 ································18 （二）人工智能专利数量稳步提升但增速放缓 ·····························19 （三）顶刊论文数量随人工智能专业热度上升而增加 ····················20 第三章　中国人工智能企业发展情况 ··················································22 一、企业基本性质分析 ·································································23 （一）企业总体数量保持增长趋势 ············································23 （二）企业法人呈现年轻化、高学历的特点 ································24 （三）中小企业占绝对主体地位，81.8%的企业属于私人控股 ·········25 （四）86.2%的企业持续运营满五年以上 ····································26 二、企业区域和行业分布 ······························································27 （一）企业持续向东部发达地区及四大城市群集聚 ·······················27 （二）企业大多属于电子信息领域和数字经济核心产业 ·················29 三、人工智能企业经营情况分析 ·····················································32 （一）总体营收继续保持增长，营收亿元以上企业是行业绝对主力 ·····32 （二）行业利润向头部企业集中，企业亏损面扩大 ·······················36 （三）收入结构中技术收入占比提升明显 ···································37 （四）应用层营收规模最大、技术层营收增速最快 ·······················39 （五）企业负债稳中有增，负债率区间分布向两端增加 ·················43 第四章　中国人工智能企业创新发展情况 ············································46 一、创新资源持续集聚 ·································································46 （一）高新技术企业占比超90%，是产业创新的主力军 ·················46 （二）注重专业研发机构建设，配建企业比例持续提升 ·················47 （三）聚焦人才引进，高学历、海外人才不断集聚 ·······················48 （四）科技活动人员稳增，企业间联合研发模式成主流 ·················50 （五）研发投入强度趋于稳定，基础层重视程度最高 ····················51 二、创新发展成效持续提升 ···························································54 （一）科技创新产出丰硕，成果转移持续突破 ·····························54 （二）基础层创新更活跃，安防、金融等应用最广 ·······················56 （三）产业带动区域经济明显，出口成为产业增长的新引擎 ···········59 （四）人均营收贡献上升，疫情致人均成本攀升利润下滑 ··············60 第五章　中国人工智能企业创新创业热点情况 ······································62 一、创新创业热点区域 ·································································62 （一）人工智能创新创业活动逐步向头部地区集中 ·······················62 （二）原有载体表现出一定迁出迹象 ·········································64 （三）三类园区吸引力保持稳定 ···············································66 二、创新创业热点领域 ·································································67 （一）企业业务向市场端倾斜且更加专注主业 ·····························67 （二）基础层企业中数据赛道集中度提升，硬件占比降低 ··············68 （三）技术层企业中语音识别成为最新热点领域 ··························69 （四）应用层企业中医疗、安防赛道比重大幅提升 ·······················69 三、资本市场关注的热点行业领域 ··················································70 （一）风投资本坚定押注人工智能产业，偏好中前期企业 ··············70 （二）D轮及以上拥有最高风投均值，应用层企业更受风投青睐 ······72 （三）政策、热度、需求成为风投资本押注细分领域的关键词 ········73 （四）人工智能在公开市场上仍属于年轻行业，具有广阔发展空间 ·····75 第六章　人工智能产业创新创业政策建议 ············································77 一、以差异化策略优化调整产业结构 ···············································77 二、增强载体服务能力，注重产业细分 ············································78 三、优化人才环境，加强人才培养 ··························