纯粹理性批判 Critique of Pure Reason（导读注释版）（世界学术经典系列）

\"【内容简介】： 《纯粹理性批判》是西方哲学史上的重要里程碑，它与《实践理性批判》和《判断力批判》共同构成了康德思想体系的核心。《纯粹理性批判》简单说就是一本关于形而上学的著作，全书在前言之后分为长短不一的两部分，第一部分是占全书六分之五篇幅的“先验要素论”，讨论人类知识的源头，即人类认识能力中的先天要素；第二部分是仅占六分之一篇幅的“先验方法论”，关注的是使用纯粹理性及其先验观点的方法。不论是“先验要素论”还是“先验方法论”，两者都是在分析知识源头时以及在探讨所有可能经验时被假定存在的，因而都是先验或超验的。它从哲学认识论的角度全面论证了以牛顿为代表的自然科学的真理性，同时又改变了哲学的研究方法，遵循了数学那样的严格性，使哲学本身以科学为榜样而得到彻底改造。\"

\"【作者简介】：康德，德国哲学家、作家，现代西方哲学史上的核心人物，德国古典哲学创始人，开启了德国古典哲学和康德主义等诸多流派。其代表作有《纯粹理性批判》、《实践理性批判》和《判断力批判》等。 韩锐，广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院副院长、副教授。中山大学和英国华威大学双硕士，香港大学政治哲学博士。主要研究领域为当代英美规范哲学和美国学。 段宜航，广东外语外贸大学英语学士，爱丁堡大学建筑系城市设计与战略专业硕士。\"

\"【目录】： 目录 导读 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION，1781 PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION，1787 INTRODUCTION I． Of the Difference Between Pure and Empirical Knowledge II． The Human Intellect, even in an Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions A Priori III． Philosophy Stands in Need of a Science which Shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human Knowledge A Priori IV． Of the Difference Between Analytical and Synthetical Judgements V． In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason, Synthetical Judgements A Priori Are Contained as Principles VI． The Universal Problem of Pure Reason VII． Idea and Division of a Particular Science, Under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF ELEMENTS PART I. TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC Introductory SECTION I. OF SPACE Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Space Conclusions from the Foregoing Conceptions SECTION II. OF TIME Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Time Conclusions from the Above Conceptions Elucidation General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic Conclusion of the Transcendental Aesthetic PART II. TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC I. Of Logic in General II. Of Transcendental Logic III. Of the Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic FIRST DIVISION TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC BOOK I. ANALYTIC OF CONCEPTIONS CHAPTER I. Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the Understanding SECTION I. Of the Logical Use of the Understanding in General SECTION II. Of the Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgements SECTION III. Of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding, or Categories CHAPTER II. Of the Deduction of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding SECTION I. Of the Principles of a Transcendental Deduction in General Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories SECTION II. Of the Possibility of a Conjunction of the Manifold Representations Given by Sense Of the Originally Synthetical Unity of Apperception The Principle of the Synthetical Unity of Apperception is the highest Principle of all Exercise of the Understanding What Objective Unity of Self-consciousness Is The Logical Form of all Judgements Consists in the Objective Unity of Apperception of the Conceptions Contained Therein All Sensuous Intuitions Are Subject to the Categories, as Conditions Under which Alone the Manifold Content of Them Can Be United in One Consciousness Observation In Cognition, its Application to Objects of Experience Is the only Legitimate Use of the Category Of the Application of the Categories to Objects of the Senses in General Transcendental Deduction of the Universally Possible Employment in Experience of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding Result of this Deduction of the Conceptions of the Understanding Short View of the Above Deduction BOOK II. ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES Of the Transcendental Faculty of Judgement in General CHAPTER I. Of the Schematism of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding CHAPTER II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding SECTION I. Of the Supreme Principle of all Analytical Judgements SECTION II. Of the Supreme Principle of all Synthetical Judgements SECTION III. Systematic Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding I. Axioms of Intuition II. Anticipations of Perception III. Analogies of Experience A. FIRST ANALOGY—Principle of the Permanence of Substance B. SECONGD ANALOGY—Principle of the Succession of Time C. THIRD ANALOGY—Principle of Coexistence IV. The Postulates of Empirical Thought Explanation Refutation of Idealism General Remark on the System of Principles CHAPTER III. Of the Ground of the Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena APPENDIX. Of the Equivocal Nature or Amphiboly of the Conceptions of Reflection from the Confusion of the Transcendental with the Empirical Use of the Understanding Remark on the Amphiboly of the Conceptions of Reflection SECOND DIVISION TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC I. Of Transcendental Illusory Appearance II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusory Appearance A. Of Reason in General B. Of the Logical Use of Reason C. Of the Pure Use of Reason BOOK I. OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON SECTION I. Of Ideas in General SECTION II. Of Transcendental Ideas SECTION III. System of Transcendental Ideas BOOK II. OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE REASON CHAPTER I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason Refutation of the Argument of Mendelssohn for the Substantiality or Permanence of the Soul Conclusion of the Solution of the Psychological Paralogism General Remark on the Transition from Rational Psychology to Cosmology CHAPTER II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason SECTION I. System of Cosmological Ideas SECTION II. Antithetic of Pure Reason FIRST CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS SECOND CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS THIRD CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS FOURTH CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS SECTION III. Of the Interest of Reason in these Self-contradictions SECTION IV. Of the Necessity Imposed upon Pure Reason of Presenting a Solution of its Transcendental Problems SECTION V. Sceptical Exposition of the Cosmological Problems Presented in the four Transcendental Ideas SECTION VI. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the Solution of Pure Cosmological Dialectic SECTION VII. Critical Solution of the Cosmological Problem SECTION VIII. Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in Relation to the Cosmological Ideas SECTION IX. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason, with Regard to the Cosmological Ideas I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in the Universe II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division of a Whole Given in Intuition Concluding Remark on the Solution of the Transcendental Mathematical Ideas—and Introductory to the Solution of the Dynamical Ideas III. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Deduction of Cosmical Events from their Causes Possibility of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity Exposition of the Cosmological Idea of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity IV. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Dependence of Phenomenal Existences Concluding Remarks on the Antinomy of Pure Reason CHAPTER III. The Ideal of Pure Reason SECTION I. Of the Ideal in General SECTION II. Of the Transcendental Ideal—Prototypon Transcendentale SECTION III. Of the Arguments Employed by Speculative Reason to Prove a Supreme Being’s Existence SECTION IV. Of the Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of the Existence of God SECTION V. Of the Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof of the Existence of God Detection and Explanation of the Dialectical Illusion in all Transcendental Arguments for the Existence of a Necessary Being SECTION VI. Of the Impossibility of a Physico-Theological Proof SECTION VII. Critique of all Theology Based upon Speculative Principles of Reason APPENDIX. Of the Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason Of the Ultimate End of the Natural Dialectic of Human Reason TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF METHOD INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I. The Discipline of Pure Reason SECTION I. The Discipline of Pure Reason in the Sphere of Dogmatism SECTION II. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Polemics Scepticism not a Permanent State for Human Reason SECTION III. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Hypothesis SECTION IV. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Relation to Proofs CHAPTER II. The Canon of Pure Reason SECTION I. Of the Ultimate End of the Pure Use of Reason SECTION II. Of the Ideal of the Summum Bonum as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason SECTION III. Of Opinion, Knowledge, and Belief CHAPTER III. The Architectonic of Pure Reason CHAPTER IV. The History of Pure Reason 术语汇编与简释 \"