中国大数据经营与管理研究

本书主要以企业文化与经营管理两个方面作为切入点，详细地介绍了企业文化的概念、发展趋势及对企业生存发展的重要作用，列举出东西方企业文化的一些典型案例来分析和比较东西方企业文化的差异及这些文化差异给企业经营管理造成的不同影响；对企业经营管理的概念、职能和特点做了相关阐述，详细地介绍了中外现代企业经营管理制度及企业如何进行经营战略的实施与控制。在上述分析的基础上，得出企业文化对企业经营管理的重要作用。

目　录 第一章　大数据概述 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 一、数据的产生 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................1 二、大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................................................................2 第二章　大数据的价值 ..................................................................................................................................... 7 一、大数据分析方法 ..................................................................................................................................................................................7 二、大数据的意义 ..........................................................................................................................................................................................9 （一）大数据现时价值 ......................................................................................................................................................9 （二）大数据未来价值 ..................................................................................................................................................10 三、大数据的不足 ......................................................................................................................................................................................10 第三章　大数据产业的现状 ................................................................................................................... 13 一、大数据产业 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................13 （一）硬件设施 ........................................................................................................................................................................13 （二）基础服务 ........................................................................................................................................................................16 （三）数据来源 ........................................................................................................................................................................17 （四）技术开发 ........................................................................................................................................................................19 （五）融合应用及产业支撑 ..................................................................................................................................21 二、全球大数据产业现状..............................................................................................................................................................22 （一）产业规模 ........................................................................................................................................................................22 （二）相关政策 ........................................................................................................................................................................23 （三）存在问题 ........................................................................................................................................................................24 三、中国大数据产业现状..............................................................................................................................................................25 （一）产业规模 ........................................................................................................................................................................25 中国大数据经营与管理研究 （二）相关政策 ........................................................................................................................................................................26 （三）存在问题 ........................................................................................................................................................................27 第四章　大数据产业的问题与机遇 ..............................................................................................29 一、大数据产业发展问题..............................................................................................................................................................29 （一）专业人才缺乏 ..........................................................................................................................................................29 （二）产业融合不充分 ..................................................................................................................................................31 （三）研发投入不足 ........................................................................................................................................................31 （四）风险防控能力不足 ..........................................................................................................................................32 （五）缺乏重要数据规则 ..........................................................................................................................................33 （六）部分区域基础设施落后 ..........................................................................................................................34 二、推进产业发展的对策..............................................................................................................................................................35 （一）人才队伍建设 ..........................................................................................................................................................35 （二）促进深度融合 ..........................................................................................................................................................36 （三）加大财政资金投入 ..........................................................................................................................................37 （四）完善相关制度 ..........................................................................................................................................................38 （五）加强产业整合 ..........................................................................................................................................................38 （六）完善产业链 ................................................................................................................................................................39 三、.................................................................126 三、开放共享 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................127 （一）欧洲开放数据进展 ......................................................................................................................................127 （二）图书馆支撑 ............................................................................................................................................................131 （三）开放数据 ....................................................................................................................................................................133 （四）CODATA战略和成就报告书 ..................................................................................................135 （五）政府开放数据 ......................................................................................................................................................140 四、数据政策 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................146 （一）欧盟地平线2020计划数据管理指南 ............................................................................146 （二）英国开放科研数据协议 ......................................................................................................................147 （三）欧洲航天局开放获取政策 ..............................................................................................................149 （四）瑞典数据管理计划方针 ......................................................................................................................150 第九章　大数据行业发展趋势 ..........................................................................................................153 一、数据中心发展演变 ..................................................................................................................................................................153 二、数据安全与治理成为热点 ........................................................................................................................................155 三、投入成本备受关注 ..................................................................................................................................................................156 四、大数据应用加速发展..........................................................................................................................................................157 （一）电信大数据 ............................................................................................................................................................157 （二）政府大数据 ............................................................................................................................................................159 （三）工业大数据 ............................................................................................................................................................160 （四）金融大数据 ............................................................................................................................................................162 （五）医疗大数据 ............................................................................................................................................................163 第十章　大数据行业展望与建议 ..................................................................................................165 一、推动技术贴近应用需求 ................................................................................................................................................165 二、数据应用智能化和普及化 ........................................................................................................................................167 三、构建数据治理体系 ..................................................................................................................................................................170 四、加强法律制度体系建设 ................................................................................................................................................172 五、积极防范未来风险 ..................................................................................................................................................................174 参考文献 ..........................................................................................................................................................................178大数据产业发展机遇..............................................................................................................................................................40 （一）治理与监管相结合 ..........................................................................................................................................40 （二）金融领域注意风险 ..........................................................................................................................................41 （三）健康医疗领域 ..........................................................................................................................................................41 第五章　大数据应用 ..........................................................................................................................................42 一、医疗大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................42 （一）医疗大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................42 （二）医疗大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................44 （三）医疗大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................46 二、营销大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................48 （一）营销大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................48 （二）营销大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................51 （三）营销大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................52 中国大数据经营与管理研究 （二）相关政策 ........................................................................................................................................................................26 （三）存在问题 ........................................................................................................................................................................27 第四章　大数据产业的问题与机遇 ..............................................................................................29 一、大数据产业发展问题..............................................................................................................................................................29 （一）专业人才缺乏 ..........................................................................................................................................................29 （二）产业融合不充分 ..................................................................................................................................................31 （三）研发投入不足 ........................................................................................................................................................31 （四）风险防控能力不足 .........................................................................................................................................32 （五）缺乏重要数据规则 ..........................................................................................................................................33 （六）部分区域基础设施落后 ..........................................................................................................................34 二、推进产业发展的对策..............................................................................................................................................................35 （一）人才队伍建设 ..........................................................................................................................................................35 （二）促进深度融合 ..........................................................................................................................................................36 （三）加大财政资金投入 ..........................................................................................................................................37 （四）完善相关制度 ..........................................................................................................................................................38 （五）加强产业整合 ..........................................................................................................................................................38 （六）完善产业链 ................................................................................................................................................................39 三、大数据产业发展机遇..............................................................................................................................................................40 （一）治理与监管相结合 ..........................................................................................................................................40 （二）金融领域注意风险 ..........................................................................................................................................41 （三）健康医疗领域 ..........................................................................................................................................................41 第五章　大数据应用 ..........................................................................................................................................42 一、医疗大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................42 （一）医疗大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................42 （二）医疗大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................44 （三）医疗大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................46 二、营销大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................48 （一）营销大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................48 （二）营销大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................51 （三）营销大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................52 三、工业大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................53 （一）工业大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................54 （二）工业大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................55 （三）工业大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................58 四、政府大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................59 （一）政府大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................60 （二）政府大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................61 （三）政府大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................63 五、金融大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................65 （一）金融大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................65 （二）金融大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................67 （三）金融大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................76 第六章　大数据应用案例 ............................................................................................................................79 一、医疗大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................79 （一）医疗大数据发展趋势 ..................................................................................................................................79 （二）智能药物研发 ..........................................................................................................................................................80 （三）健康管理 ........................................................................................................................................................................81 二、营销大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................82 （一）“大数据+明星”品牌营销 ..............................................................................................................82 （二）网易云年度歌单 ..................................................................................................................................................83 （三）打造联名款产品 ..................................................................................................................................................86 三、工业大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................89 （一）产品价值挖掘 ..........................................................................................................................................................89 （二）提升服务型生产 ..................................................................................................................................................90 （三）创新商业模式 ..........................................................................................................................................................91 四、政府大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................92 （一）城市交通系统 ..........................................................................................................................................................92 （二）智慧旅游出行 ..........................................................................................................................................................95 （三）智慧交通运输 ..........................................................................................................................................................96 三、工业大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................53 （一）工业大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................54 （二）工业大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................55 （三）工业大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................58 四、政府大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................59 （一）政府大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................60 （二）政府大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................61 （三）政府大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................63 五、金融大数据 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................65 （一）金融大数据的内涵 ..........................................................................................................................................65 （二）金融大数据的相关应用 ..........................................................................................................................67 （三）金融大数据的挑战与策略 ..................................................................................................................76 第六章　大数据应用案例 ............................................................................................................................79 一、医疗大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................79 （一）医疗大数据发展趋势 ..................................................................................................................................79 （二）智能药物研发 ..........................................................................................................................................................80 （三）健康管理 ........................................................................................................................................................................81 二、营销大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................82 （一）“大数据+明星”品牌营销 ..............................................................................................................82 （二）网易云年度歌单 ..................................................................................................................................................83 （三）打造联名款产品 ..................................................................................................................................................86 三、工业大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................89 （一）产品价值挖掘 ..........................................................................................................................................................89 （二）提升服务型生产 ..................................................................................................................................................90 （三）创新商业模式 ..........................................................................................................................................................91 四、政府大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................92 （一）城市交通系统 ..........................................................................................................................................................92 （二）智慧旅游出行 ..........................................................................................................................................................95 （三）智慧交通运输 ..........................................................................................................................................................96 中国大数据经营与管理研究 五、金融大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................99 （一）金融大数据发展趋势 ..................................................................................................................................99 （二）证券业案例 ............................................................................................................................................................100 （三）保险业案例 ............................................................................................................................................................101 （四）商业银行业案例 ..............................................................................................................................................103 第七章　大数据知识资源 ........................................................................................................................105 一、发展现状 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................105 （一）业务背景 ....................................................................................................................................................................105 （二）业务策略 ....................................................................................................................................................................107 二、相关定义 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................107 （一）内涵 ....................................................................................................................................................................................107 （二）外延 ....................................................................................................................................................................................108 三、发展态势研究 ..................................................................................................................................................................................110 （一）发展现状 ....................................................................................................................................................................110 （二）问题分析 ....................................................................................................................................................................110 （三）问题解决 ....................................................................................................................................................................111 四、解决方案 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................111 （一）政策框架 ....................................................................................................................................................................111 （二）权益组合 ....................................................................................................................................................................114 （三）数据资产管理 ......................................................................................................................................................115 五、小结 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................122 第八章　大数据知识资源国际现状 ..........................................................................................123 一、数据保护 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................123 （一）获取审查客观性 ..............................................................................................................................................123 （二）获取数据条款 ......................................................................................................................................................124 （三）提高审查透明度 ..............................................................................................................................................125 （四）小结 ....................................................................................................................................................................................125 二、隐私保护 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................126 三、开放共享 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................127 （一）欧洲开放数据进展 ......................................................................................................................................127 中国大数据经营 　　与管理研究 五、金融大数据案例 ..............................................................................................................................................................................99 （一）金融大数据发展趋势 ..................................................................................................................................99 （二）证券业案例 ............................................................................................................................................................100 （三）保险业案例 ............................................................................................................................................................101 （四）商业银行业案例 ..............................................................................................................................................103 第七章　大数据知识资源 ........................................................................................................................105 一、发展现状 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................105 （一）业务背景 ....................................................................................................................................................................105 （二）业务策略 ....................................................................................................................................................................107 二、相关定义 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................107 （一）内涵 ....................................................................................................................................................................................107 （二）外延 ....................................................................................................................................................................................108 三、发展态势研究 ..................................................................................................................................................................................110 （一）发展现状 ....................................................................................................................................................................110 （二）问题分析 ....................................................................................................................................................................110 （三）问题解决 ....................................................................................................................................................................111 四、解决方案 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................111 （一）政策框架 ....................................................................................................................................................................111 （二）权益组合 ....................................................................................................................................................................114 （三）数据资产管理 ......................................................................................................................................................115 五、小结 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................122 第八章　大数据知识资源国际现状 ..........................................................................................123 一、数据保护 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................123 （一）获取审查客观性 ..............................................................................................................................................123 （二）获取数据条款 ......................................................................................................................................................124 （三）提高审查透明度 ..............................................................................................................................................125 （四）小结 ....................................................................................................................................................................................125 二、隐私保护 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