竞争情报分析方法及应用

全书共分10章：绪论、竞争情报研究基础、竞争情报大数据分析方法概述、竞争情报大数据采集与监测、竞争情报大数据存储与组织、面向领域的技术情报分析、面向行业的市场情报分析、基于多层竞争网络的企业竞争情报分析、企业竞争情报服务创新平台、大情报观视角下的竞争情报发展。

目　录 第1 章　绪　论························································································ 1 1.1　竞争与企业竞争·············································································· 1 1.1.1　竞争的内涵··········································································· 1 1.1.2　竞争的基本要素与竞争分类······················································ 2 1.1.3　企业竞争·············································································· 3 1.2　情报与竞争情报·············································································· 5 1.2.1　情报···················································································· 5 1.2.2　竞争情报·············································································· 6 1.2.3　竞争情报分类········································································ 6 1.3　竞争情报发展历程··········································································· 6 1.3.1　国外发展历程········································································ 7 1.3.2　国内发展历程········································································ 9 1.4　新时代需要竞争情报·······································································12 1.5　本章小结······················································································13 第2 章　竞争情报研究基础······································································15 2.1　传统竞争情报信息源·······································································15 2.1.1　按照竞争目标划分情报信息·····················································15 2.1.2　按照来源出处划分情报信息·····················································18 2.1.3　情报信息搜集方法·································································19 2.2　常用的竞争情报分析方法·································································21 2.2.1　五力模型·············································································21 2.2.2　定标比超分析·······································································22 2.2.3　SWOT 分析·········································································24 2.2.4　专利情报分析·······································································26 2.2.5　财务分析·············································································27 2.3　竞争对手识别················································································29 2.3.1　竞争对手的定义····································································29 2.3.2　传统的竞争对手识别方法························································29 2.3.3　传统竞争对手识别方法的局限··················································31 2.4　竞争态势分析················································································33 2.4.1　企业竞争态势·······································································33 2.4.2　传统竞争态势分析方法···························································34 2.5　价值链与价值网分析·······································································36 2.5.1　价值链················································································37 2.5.2　价值网················································································40 2.5.3　价值链和价值网理论在竞争环境下的应用···································45 2.6　竞争情报系统建设··········································································51 2.6.1　竞争情报系统的定义······························································51 2.6.2　企业竞争情报系统的构成························································52 2.7　大数据环境下的竞争情报·································································54 2.7.1　大数据应用现状····································································54 2.7.2　大数据对竞争情报工作的影响··················································58 2.8　本章小结······················································································60 第3 章　竞争情报大数据分析方法概述·····················································61 3.1　需求分析······················································································61 3.2　竞争情报大数据的采集方法······························································62 3.2.1　数据采集来源·······································································63 3.2.2　数据采集方法·······································································66 3.3　竞争情报大数据的组织方法······························································67 3.3.1　分类导航·············································································68 3.3.2　分众分类·············································································68 3.3.3　标签聚合·············································································69 3.3.4　关联数据·············································································70 3.3.5　领域本体·············································································71 3.3.6　知识图谱·············································································72 3.4　竞争情报大数据的分析方法······························································73 3.4.1　统计学方法··········································································73 3.4.2　机器学习方法·······································································74 3.4.3　关系网络分析方法·································································77 3.5　多层竞争网络可视化方法·································································79 3.5.1　多层网络定义·······································································79 3.5.2　多层网络构建技术与可视化方法···············································80 3.5.3　多层网络分析方法·································································82 3.6　本章小结······················································································83 第4 章　竞争情报大数据采集与监测························································84 4.1　互联网主题信息采集策略与系统框架··················································84 4.1.1　互联网主题信息采集研究与实践现状·········································84 4.1.2　互联网主题信息采集策略························································86 4.1.3　互联网主题信息采集系统框架··················································88 4.2　面向竞争情报的主题信息采集关键技术研究·········································89 4.2.1　采集防屏蔽方法策略······························································89 4.2.2　基于链接类型的URL 筛选······················································89 4.2.3　基于模板的网页正文抽取························································93 4.2.4　采集后去重方法····································································98 4.2.5　基于词频统计的正文过滤······················································ 101 4.2.6　面向竞争情报的主题信息采集实现·········································· 102 4.3　主题模型与主题监测····································································· 104 4.3.1　LSI 模型与pLSI 模型··························································· 105 4.3.2　LDA 模型·········································································· 106 4.3.3　word2vec 模型···································································· 106 4.3.4　主题监测··········································································· 108 4.4　意见挖掘方法及应用····································································· 110 4.4.1　基于核心句及句法关系的评价对象抽取···································· 110 4.4.2　评论数据中隐式属性抽取方法················································ 118 4.4.3　基于支持向量机的情感分类方法············································· 124 4.5　本章小结···················································································· 125 第5 章　竞争情报大数据存储与组织······················································ 127 5.1　面向大数据的企业数据存储···························································· 127 5.1.1　传统数据仓库用于企业数据存储············································· 127 5.1.2　大数据环境下的数据集市价值················································ 129 5.1.3　保留原始数据的企业数据湖··················································· 131 5.1.4　基于Hadoop 的企业分布式数据存储········································ 133 5.1.5　基于ElasticSearch 的企业数据存储与利用································· 134 5.2　基于本体的企业数据组织方法························································· 137 5.2.1　UPON：统一本体开发过程···················································· 137 5.2.2　面向特定主题的本体构建方法················································ 138 5.2.3　领域本体自动扩充方法························································· 145 5.3　基于关联数据的科技企业数据组织方法············································· 148 5.3.1　数据采集及预处理······························································· 149 5.3.2　基于RDF 的关联数据组织方法·············································· 150 5.3.3　企业知识图谱构建······························································· 155 5.4　本章小结···················································································· 156 第6 章　面向领域的技术情报分析·························································· 158 6.1　上海科创中心建设下的科技论文计量分析·········································· 158 6.1.1　上海市2011—2017 年发文分析·············································· 159 6.1.2　上海激光领域论文国内合著网络与引文网络比较研究·················· 168 6.1.3　上海激光领域论文国际合作分析············································· 180 6.2　专利检索与分析··········································································· 188 6.2.1　中文专利中本体关系的获取··················································· 189 6.2.2　面向专利本体的语义检索系统设计·········································· 197 6.2.3　面向专利本体的语义检索系统构建·········································· 200 6.2.4　我国医药领域专利引用分析··················································· 210 6.3　科技潜力人才挖掘与评价指标························································· 216 6.3.1　人才学术画像构建······························································· 217 6.3.2　基于合作网络的人才学术标签扩展·········································· 219 6.3.3　基于主题关联的人才学术标签拓展·········································· 221 6.3.4　领域人才研究热点分析························································· 224 6.3.5　科技潜力人才评价指标························································· 227 6.4　面向技术预见的技术竞争情报系统框架············································· 234 6.4.1　基于CTIS 的技术预见模型···················································· 234 6.4.2　CTIS 框架设计··································································· 237 6.4.3　CTIS 关键模块··································································· 239 6.5　本章小结···················································································· 241 第7 章　面向行业的市场情报分析·························································· 242 7.1　信号分析方法及应用····································································· 242 7.1.1　信号及信号分析·································································· 242 7.1.2　信号采集与信号辨别···························································· 243 7.1.3　信号组织与信号分析···························································· 244 7.1.4　纵向信号挖掘与横向信号防控················································ 245 7.1.5　电纸书行业信号分析实例······················································ 246 7.2　事件分析方法及应用····································································· 249 7.2.1　互联网新闻报道中的事件识别方法及应用································· 249 7.2.2　基于网络搜索数据的金融危机事件识别及分析··························· 258 7.3　共现分析方法及应用····································································· 273 7.3.1　基于观众感知的世博会企业赞助行为分析································· 273 7.3.2　用户评论与要闻动态对比的旅游市场分析································· 280 7.4　网络口碑分析及应用···································································· 286 7.4.1　网络口碑分析中文本倾向性分析方法······································· 287 7.4.2　吉利收购沃尔沃事件的网络口碑分析······································· 293 7.4.3　豆瓣网电影用户在线评论情感分析·········································· 299 7.5　本章小结···················································································· 307 第8 章　基于多层竞争网络的企业竞争情报分析····································· 308 8.1　数据驱动的竞争情报分析框架························································· 308 8.2　数据驱动的竞争对手识别方法························································· 310 8.2.1　互联网时代商业模式的变化··················································· 310 8.2.2　价值链与竞争对手识别························································· 312 8.2.3　数据驱动的竞争对手识别方法················································ 313 8.3　数据驱动的企业竞争态势分析模型··················································· 317 8.3.1　企业竞争的“5+1”多维视角分析框架····································· 317 8.3.2　单层竞争网络构建······························································· 320 8.3.3　多层竞争网络构建与竞争态势分析·········································· 324 8.4　新能源汽车行业竞争态势分析························································· 326 8.4.1　新能源汽车背景·································································· 326 8.4.2　数据来源与处理·································································· 333 8.4.3　新能源汽车领域单层竞争网络构建·········································· 335 8.4.4　新能源汽车领域多层竞争网络构建和竞争态势分析····················· 359 8.5　本章小结···················································································· 363 第9 章　企业竞争情报创新服务平台······················································ 364 9.1　平台整体构架·············································································· 364 9.1.1　平台设计目标····································································· 364 9.1.2　平台构架设计·································