新时期中国科技人才政策发展与实践

科技部人才中心通过大量实地调研发现，在深入实施创新驱动发展战略过程中，迫切需要大量高层次科技人才解决产业和经济发展的科技问题，迫切需要破除找人难、找高层次人才难、找合适的高层次人才更难的瓶颈；同时，广大科技人才服务产业一线的意愿也非常强烈，认为在促进其科学研究、学术交流与合作、成果转化、人才培养等方面非常有益；地方科技管理部门在人才引进、培养、评价、激励等方面积极改革创新，希望在实践中集聚和培养人才，推动人才服务区域创新发展。

科学技术部科技人才交流开发服务中心是科学技术部直属事业单位。按照党中央、国务院建设人才强国和建设创新型国家的战略目标，人才中心紧紧围绕培养和造就创新型科技人才队伍的中心任务，以推进高层次创新型科技人才队伍建设为重点，实施国家相关重大人才工程，推动体制机制和政策制度创新，开展面向全社会的科技创新人才咨询服务等工作。（1）承担科技人才理论、政策和发展状况等研究，对实施科技人才发展规划、计划及重大人才工程等工作进行评估。（2）承担创新人才推进计划等重大人才工程的组织实施工作，开展促进创新人才和创业人才的培养、使用、培训、交流、产学研合作和典型经验宣传等相关服务工作。（3）承担国家科技专家数据库的建设、运行、维护和开发等任务；承担科技人才资源的统计分析工作。（4）开展科技管理干部业务培训工作。承担部系统干部教育培训，部属事业单位人员管理的支撑工作；承担科技部系统流动人员人事档案管理；承担科技部主管社团的管理和服务工作。

目　录 第一部分　总　论 第一章　科技人才政策的时代要求 ····························································3 第一节　党和国家对科技人才工作提出了新战略新理念新要求 ··················3 第二节　科技人才管理要贯彻落实“四抓”要求 ····································5 第三节　科技人才政策始终贯穿“四抓”要求 ·······································9 第四节　科技创新政策与科技人才政策 ···············································12 第二章　科技人才政策的基本理论 ···························································14 第一节　科技人才政策的概念和形式 ··················································14 第二节　科技人才政策的内容框架 ·····················································16 第三节　科技人才政策工具 ·······························································20 第四节　科技人才政策制定及实施 ·····················································23 第三章　我国科技人才政策发展 ······························································34 第一节　科技人才政策发展历程 ·························································34 第二节　我国科技人才政策的演进特征 ···············································38 第三节　科技人才政策进展与成效 ·····················································41 第四章　新时期科技人才政策创新的主要思路 ············································49 第一节　新时期科技人才政策创新面临的新形势新要求 ··························49 第二节　新时期科技人才政策发展方向 ···············································53 第二部分　分　论 第五章　科技人才发现与遴选政策 ···························································63 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ····························································63 第二节　政策落实成效 ·····································································78 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·······························································84 第六章　科技人才教育与培养政策 ···························································86 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ····························································86 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································103 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································110 第七章　科技人才使用与集聚政策 ·························································112 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································112 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································135 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································142 第八章　科技人才激励与引导政策 ·························································144 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································144 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································167 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································176 第九章　科技人才开放与合作政策 ·························································178 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································178 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································197 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································202 第十章　科技人才学风与文化政策 ·························································205 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································205 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································219 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································227 第十一章　科技人才机构与平台政策 ······················································229 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································229 第二节　政策落实成效 ···································································243 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································250 第十二章　科技人才管理与服务政策 ······················································251 第一节　政策发展过程和进展 ··························································251 第二节　政策落实成效 ··································································269 第三节　政策发展主要方向 ·····························································276 第三部分　科技人才政策落实情况调查报告 第十三章　科技人才政策落实情况调查总体情况 ·······································281 第一节　调查工作基本情况 ·····························································281 第二节　调查结果总体情况 ·····························································282 第三节　有关启示 ·········································································288 第十四章　分政策类别调查研究分析 ······················································290 第一节　科技人才发现与遴选政策落实情况调查 ·································290 第二节　科技人才教育与培养政策落实情况调查 ·································295 第三节　科技人才使用与集聚政策落实情况调查 ·································301 第四节　科技人才激励与引导政策落实情况调查 ·································307 第五节　科技人才开放与合作政策落实情况调查 ·································313 第六节　科技人才学风与文化政策落实情况调查 ·································319 附　录　科技人才相关政策文件列表（2013—2022年） ····························325