货品易代：古丝路的衰落与新商道的开辟

“大航海”使得洲际远洋通道建立起来，人类的直接交往也从过去的国别、地区之间扩展到大洲乃至全球。航路更是商路，货品流通及其兴废的背后是信息、观念、文化的交流与碰撞。本书立足于16世纪至19世纪前期中国与海外大宗外贸商品的更新换代，讲述舶来舶去品的涨落兴替，尤为注重研究一件件“具世界意义”的货品的流通，通过对丝绸、棉花、茶叶、花旗参、檀木、皮毛、鸦片等大宗货品易代的考察，不同地区之间的文明形态转进得以次第呈现。

郭卫东，北京大学历史学系教授。长期从事中国近代史的教研工作，特别瞩目于16世纪至19世纪中国与西方关系史的研究。在此领域的主要著作有：《不平等条约与近代中国》《中土基督》《转折——以早期中英关系和<南京条约>为考察中心》《倾覆与再建——明中叶至辛亥革命的政治文明》《中国近代特殊教育史研究》等，并有多篇相关论文发表。

目　录 起首语　航路更是商道··························································1 一　游弋“深蓝”·································································7 二　海洋商道·····································································10 第一篇　中国对外远洋商道上的重要货品·································25 一　大洋世界·····································································26 二　古丝路的衰退·······························································57 三　时髦的“南京布”·························································87 四　“茶叶世纪”的来临·····················································112 第二篇　欧洲对华商道上的重要货品·····································145 一　打开在华商路的重要手段：设立据点································146 二　打开在华商路的重要手段：缔结条约································221 三　打开在华商路的重要手段：通商口岸································267 四　卖不上价的毛呢···························································320 五　关乎军国大计的铅························································352 六　不列颠棉品·································································381 第三篇　美洲对华商道上的重要货品·····································393 一　外币流通中国······························································394 二　洋参、西洋参、花旗参··················································465 三　从海獭到海豹······························································489 四　盛极而衰的檀香木························································551 第四篇　南亚对华商道上的重要货品·····································535 一　东方贸易圈·································································536 二　印度货第一次大规模输华···············································556 三　特定时段的贸易“宠儿”——鸦片····································584 结束语　新商道引入的文明形态转进·····································597 一　农业文明····································································599 二　商业文明····································································606 三　工业文明····································································614 附录：征引文献································································628