冲击动力学(英文版)

全书共分为三篇，第一 篇“固体中的应力波”包括弹 性波和弹塑性波两章。第二 篇“材料在高应变率下的动 态行为”包含两章，分别为 不同应变率下的动态力学实 验技术和目前常用的高应变 率下材料的本构关系。第三 篇“结构在冲击载荷下的动 态响应”共分6章，着重分析 刚塑性梁和板的动态响应， 首先在第5章中介绍结构的 惯性效应和塑性铰，在第6 章中分析了悬臂梁的动态响 应，在第7章中探讨了轴力 和剪力对梁的动态行为的影 响，然后在第8章中介绍了 模态分析技术和界限定理， 接下来在第9章给出了刚塑 性板的动力响应分析，最后 在第10章中给出了结构动态 响应分析的若干案例。 本书的特点是：着重阐 述冲击动力学的基本概念、 基本模型和基本方法；同时 涉及动态实验方法，以及冲 击动力学在冲击和防护问题 中的应用。各章均附有习题 和主要参考文献，以便于教 学和研究参考。 本书作为教材，可供40 学时左右的研究生课程采用 ；它将为固体力学、航空航 天、汽车工程、防护工程及 国防工程专业的研究生提供 冲击动力学领域的前沿科学 知识和相关的研究方法，为 他们从事有关的课题研究打 下基础。同时，也可以供相 关专业的教师、研究人员、 工程师和大学高年级学生自 学和参考。

余同希 英国剑桥大学哲学博士（1983年）、科学博士（1995年）。曾任北京大学力学系教授，英国曼彻斯特理工大学机械工程系教授。1995年加入香港科技大学，先后任工学院副院长、机械工程系系主任、协理副校长、霍英东研究院院长等职。研究主要集中于冲击动力学、塑性力学、结构与材料的能量吸收、复合材料与多胞材料等领域，擅长对工程问题建立力学模型并由此揭示其变形和失效机理。已出版专著3本，教材4本，发表论文330余篇，论文被引用超过3000次。担任国际冲击工程学报副主编、国际机械工程学报的副主编，以及十余种学术刊物的编委。在本领域具有权威学术地位和超过30年的教学经验。

Preface vii Introduction ix Part 1 Stress Waves in Solids I 1 Elastic Waves 1.1 Elastic Wave in a Uniform Circular Bar 1.1.1 The Propagation of a Compressive Elastic Wave 1.2 Types of Elastic Wave 1.2.1 Longitudinal Waves 1.2.2 Transverse Waves 1.2.3 Surface Wave (Rayleigh Wave) 1.2.4 Interfacial Waves 1.2.5 Waves in Layered Media (Love Waves) 1.2.6 Bending (Flexural) Waves 1.3 Reflection and Interaction of Waves 1.3.1 Mechanical Impedance 1.3.2 Waves When they Encounter a Boundary 1.3.3 Reflection and Transmission of 1D Longitudinal Waves Questions 1 Problems 1 2 Elastic-Plastic Waves 2.1 One-Dimensional Elastic-Plastic Stress Wave in Bars 2.1.1 A Semi-Infinite Bar Made of Linear Strain-Hardening Material Subjected to a Step Load at its Free End 2.1.2 A Semi-Infinite Bar Made of Decreasingly Strain-Hardening Material Subjected to a Monotonically Increasing Load at its Free End 2.1.3 A Semi-Infinite Bar Made of Increasingly Strain-Hardening Material Subjected to a Monotonically Increasing Load at its Free End 2.1.4 Unloading Waves 2.1.5 Relationship Between Stress and Particle Velocity 2.1.6 Impact of a Finite-Length Uniform Bar Made of Elastic-Linear Strain-Hardening Material on a Rigid Flat Anvil 2.2 High-Speed Impact of a Bar of Finite Length on a Rigid Anvil (Mushrooming) 2.2.1 Taylor's Approach 2.2.2 Hawkyard's Energy Approach Questions 2 Problems 2 Part 2 Dynamic Behavior of Materials under High Strain Rate 3 Rate-Dependent Behavior of Materials 3.1 Materials'Behavior under High Strain Rates 3.2 High-Strain-Rate Mechanical Properties of Materials 3.2.1 Strain Rate Effect of Materials under Compression 3.2.2 Strain Rate Effect of Materials under Tension 3.2.3 Strain Rate Effect of Materials under Shear 3.3 High-Strain-Rate Mechanical Testing 3.3.1 Intermediate-Strain-Rate Machines 3.3.2 Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) 3.3.3 Expanding-Ring Technique 3.4 Explosively Driven Devices 3.4.1 Line-Wave and Plane-Wave Generators 3.4.2 Flyer Plate Accelerating _ 3.4.3 Pressure.Shear Impact Configuration 3.5 Gun Systems 3.5.1 One-Stage Gas Gun 3.5.2 Two-Stage Gas Gun 3.5.3 Electric Rail Gun Problems 3 4 Constitutive Equations at High Strain Rates 4.1 Introduction to Constitutive Relations 4.2 Empirical Constitutive Equations 4.3 Relationship between Dislocation Velocity and Applied Stress 4.3.1 Dislocation Dynamics 4.3.2 Thermally Activated Dislocation Motion 4.3.3 Dislocation Drag Mechanisms 4.3.4 Relativistic Effects on Dislocation Motion 4.3.5 Synopsis 4.4 Physically Based Constitutive Relations 4.5 Experimental Validation of Constitutive Equations Problems 4 Part 3 Dynamic Response of Structures to Impact and Pulse Loading 5 Inertia Effects and Plastic Hinges 5.1 Relationship between Wave Propagation and Global Structural Response 5.2 Inertia Forces in Slender Bars 5.2.1 Notations and Sign Conventions for Slender Links and Beams 5.2.2 Slender Link in General Motion 5.2.3 Examples of Inertia Force in Beams 5.3 Plastic Hinges in a Rigid-Plastic Free-Free Beam under Pulse Loading 5.3.1 Dynamic Response of Rigid-Plastic Beams 5.3.2 A Free-Free Beam Subjected to a Concentrated Step Force 104boi 5.3.3 Remarks on a Free-Free Beam Subjected to a Step Force at its Midpoint 5.4 A Free Ring Subjected to a Radial Load 5.4.1 Comparison between a Supported Ring and a Free Ring Questions 5 Problems 5 6 Dynamic Response of Cantilevers 6.1 Response to Step Loading 6.2 Response to Pulse Loading 6.2.1 Rectangular