国外情报学与情报工作

国外的情报学与情报工作发展很快。特别是数字化、网络化、智能化的新时代，情报内涵、情报范畴等都发生了很大的变化。情报已经不是当初基于文献的情报概念，而是赋予了新的涵义，情报功能作用更加广泛强大，情报的社会影响更加显现。本书主体介绍了美国、英国、日本、俄罗斯、韩国、以色列、印度、澳大利亚共8个国家的情报学与情报工作，希望为情报研究提供借鉴和参考。

目　录 第1 章　国际视角下的情报学与情报工作·················································· 1 1.1　中国语境的情报认识········································································ 2 1.1.1　情报的词典定义····································································· 2 1.1.2　中国的情报学与情报工作概述··················································· 3 1.2　国外情报学与情报工作调研设计························································· 4 1.2.1　调研总体思路········································································ 4 1.2.2　各个国家、地区的调研策略······················································ 5 1.2.3　调研总体框架········································································ 6 第2 章　美国情报学与情报工作································································ 8 2.1　美国情报学的起源与发展·································································· 8 2.1.1　情报学的起源········································································ 8 2.1.2　主要发展阶段········································································ 9 2.2　美国情报学理论·············································································10 2.2.1　情报学基础理论····································································11 2.2.2　主要情报学理论····································································14 2.3　美国情报工作机制··········································································21 2.3.1　情报服务业··········································································21 2.3.2　组织机构与业务范畴······························································30 2.3.3　情报运行管理机制·································································47 2.3.4　情报工作流程·······································································54 2.4　美国情报界代表人物·······································································61 2.4.1　情报学界代表人物·································································61 2.4.2　情报实践界代表人物······························································66 2.5　美国情报学教育·············································································68 2.5.1　情报学教育的地位与目标························································69 2.5.2　情报学教育课程体系······························································72 2.5.3　情报学教育改革趋势······························································74 2.6　美国情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响············································75 2.6.1　主要特点·············································································75 2.6.2　社会影响　··········································································76 2.7　本章小结······················································································77 第3 章　英国情报学与情报工作·······························································78 3.1　英国情报学的起源与发展·································································78 3.1.1　情报学的起源·······································································78 3.1.2　主要发展阶段·······································································79 3.2　英国情报学理论·············································································80 3.2.1　情报学基础理论····································································80 3.2.2　主要情报学理论····································································81 3.3　英国情报界代表人物·······································································84 3.3.1　情报学界代表人物·································································84 3.3.2　情报实践界代表人物······························································85 3.4　英国情报学教育·············································································87 3.4.1　专注在信息服务基础上拓展特色信息服务···································88 3.4.2　从新兴技术的角度研究信息行为与服务·····································92 3.4.3　将信息服务置于文化发展大背景下研究······································95 3.5　英国情报工作发展········································································ 100 3.5.1　组织机构与业务范畴···························································· 100 3.5.2　情报运行管理机制······························································· 106 3.6　英国情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响·········································· 108 3.6.1　创建了世界上最早的国家情报机构·········································· 108 3.6.2　从不同角度研究和提出情报学理论·········································· 109 3.6.3　从不同方面拓展或改革情报学教育·········································· 109 3.7　本章小结···················································································· 109 第4 章　日本情报学与情报工作····························································· 111 4.1　日本情报学的界定与发展······························································· 111 4.1.1　“情报学”的含义······························································· 111 4.1.2　情报学的产生和发展···························································· 113 4.2　日本情报学的核心知识体系···························································· 115 4.2.1　情报学基本原理·································································· 115 4.2.2　计算机情报处理原理···························································· 116 4.2.3　情报处理机械设备的设计技术及实施技术································· 116 4.2.4　对于处理情报的人类社会的理解············································· 117 4.2.5　情报处理系统的构建及应用技术、制度和组织··························· 117 4.3　日本的情报服务产业····································································· 117 4.4　日本情报学代表性学会·································································· 120 4.4.1　情报处理学会····································································· 121 4.4.2　社会情报学会····································································· 121 4.4.3　管理情报学会····································································· 121 4.4.4　灾害情报学会····································································· 122 4.5　日本情报学分支与情报学教育························································· 122 4.5.1　情报学分支········································································ 122 4.5.2　情报学教育········································································ 126 4.6　日本情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响·········································· 128 4.7　本章小结···················································································· 129 第5 章　俄罗斯情报学与情报工作·························································· 130 5.1　俄罗斯情报学的起源与发展···························································· 130 5.1.1　情报学的起源····································································· 131 5.1.2　主要发展阶段····································································· 136 5.2　俄罗斯情报学理论研究及代表人物··················································· 147 5.2.1　捷姆尼科夫情报学派的信息通信控制理论································· 150 5.2.2　米哈伊洛夫情报学派的科学情报信息理论································· 155 5.2.3　叶尔绍夫情报学派的计算机及其应用理论································· 163 5.2.4　科林情报学派的综合科学基础信息理论···································· 169 5.3　俄罗斯情报工作发展····································································· 176 5.3.1　科技和社会科学情报组织机构及业务范畴································· 176 5.3.2　军事和警察情报管理体制基本框架·········································· 184 5.4　俄罗斯情报学教育········································································ 194 5.5　俄罗斯情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响······································· 195 5.5.1　主要特点··········································································· 195 5.5.2　社会影响··········································································· 195 5.6　本章小结···················································································· 195 第6 章　韩国情报学与情报工作····························································· 197 6.1　韩国情报学的起源与发展······························································· 197 6.1.1　情报学的起源····································································· 197 6.1.2　主要发展阶段····································································· 198 6.2　韩国情报学理论··········································································· 205 6.3　韩国情报工作发展········································································ 206 6.3.1　情报服务业········································································ 206 6.3.2　组织机构与业务范畴···························································· 207 6.3.3　情报运行管理机制······························································· 210 6.3.4　情报工作流程····································································· 212 6.4　韩国情报学教育··········································································· 213 6.4.1　情报学教育的地位与目标······················································ 213 6.4.2　情报学课程体系·································································· 214 6.4.3　情报学教育改革趋势···························································· 216 6.5　韩国情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响·········································· 217 6.5.1　主要特点··········································································· 217 6.5.2　社会影响··········································································· 218 6.6　本章小结···················································································· 218 第7 章　以色列情报学与情报工作·························································· 220 7.1　以色列情报学的起源与发展···························································· 220 7.1.1　情报学的起源····································································· 220 7.1.2　主要发展阶段····································································· 221 7.2　以色列情报学理论········································································ 222 7.2.1　情报学基础理论·································································· 222 7.2.2　主要情报学理论·································································· 226 7.3　以色列情报工作机制····································································· 230 7.3.1　情报服务业········································································ 230 7.3.2　组织机构与业务范畴···························································· 234 7.3.3　情报运行管理机制······························································· 236 7.3.4　情报工作流程····································································· 237 7.4　以色列情报界代表人物·································································· 237 7.4.1　情报学界代表人物······························································· 237 7.4.2　情报实践界代表人物···························································· 244 7.5　以色列情报学教育········································································ 245 7.5.1　情报学教育的地位与目标······················································ 245 7.5.2　情报学课程体系·································································· 246 7.5.3　情报学教育改革趋势···························································· 251 7.6　以色列情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响······································· 252 7.6.1　主要特点··········································································· 252 7.6.2　社会影响··········································································· 252 7.7　本章小结···················································································· 253 第8 章　印度情报学与情报工作····························································· 254 8.1　印度情报学的起源与发展······························································· 254 8.1.1　情报学的起源···································································· 254 8.1.2　主要发展阶段····································································· 255 8.2　印度情报学理论··········································································· 257 8.2.1　情报学基础理论·································································· 257 8.2.2　主要情报学理论·································································· 259 8.3　印度情报工作机制········································································ 260 8.3.1　情报服务业········································································ 260 8.3.2　组织机构与业务范畴···························································· 261 8.3.3　情报运行管理机制······························································· 265 8.3.4　情报工作流程····································································· 267 8.4　印度情报界代表人物····································································· 267 8.4.1　情报学界代表人物······························································· 267 8.4.2　情报实践界代表人物···························································· 268 8.5　印度图书情报学教育····································································· 269 8.5.1　图书情报学教育的地位与目标················································ 269 8.5.2　图书情报学课程体系···························································· 270 8.5.3　图书情报学教育改革趋势······················································ 271 8.6　印度情报学与情报工作的发展特点与影响·········································· 272 8.6.1　主要特点··········································································· 272 8.6.2　社会影响··········································································· 275 8.7　本章小结···················································································· 276 第9 章　澳大利亚情报学与情报工作······················································ 278 9.1　澳大利亚情报学的起源与发展··················